Skip to content
EvidenceHelixEvidenceLib · Scientific Encyclopedia
⌘ K

Scientific library

EvidenceLib encyclopediaAll articles A–Z2,100Open textbooks2Cancer study catalog458How it is made

My workspace this browser

Saved pages0Notes & annotations0

Recently viewed

Explore by field

Cancer and Oncology107Genetics and Genomics95Neuroscience110Cardiovascular Medicine105Immunology90Pharmacology99Molecular Biology100Infectious Diseases102Rare and Inherited Diseases106Clinical Research98Anatomy and Physiology542Drugs and Chemicals546
Plans & pricingCompare EvidenceHelix workspace plans
Library›EvidenceLib›Drugs and Chemicals›Glucans
Explore more with EvidenceHelix Workspace

Compare studies, analyze evidence and create research reports with premium tools.

Explore Researcher plans

Research reading room

Glucans

Drugs and Chemicals · NLM MeSH · updated 2026-10-31 · version 1

Citations verified against PubMedNot yet clinician-reviewed9 referencesApproximately 3 min read

Polysaccharides composed of repeating glucose units.

Table of Contents

1. Definition2. Research landscape3. Reading the evidence4. Open-access studies5. Key reviews6. References7. About this article

Definition and research guide

This page combines a MeSH definition, publication statistics and selected research abstracts. It is a starting point for reading the literature, not a medical textbook or a systematic evidence review.

Content available: 3 complete abstracts (477 words), 9 references. Full article text is not stored or reproduced here; follow the PMID, DOI or PMC links to read the original sources and their access terms.

Definition

Polysaccharides composed of repeating glucose units. They can consist of branched or unbranched chains in any linkages.

Definition: NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) scope note (Public domain (U.S. National Library of Medicine); attribution requested). View the MeSH record.

Also known as: Polyglucose; Glucan; Polyglucoses; Glucose Polymer; Polymer, Glucose; Glucan (BO); Polycose.

Where it fits in the MeSH classification

Broader topics
Biopolymers; Polysaccharides
Narrower topics
Cellulose; Dextrans; Glycogen; Icodextrin; Starch; beta-Glucans; Isomaltose; Maltose; Trehalose

Research landscape

PubMed indexes 220,466 records tagged with the MeSH heading “Glucans” (counts retrieved 2026-10-31). 52,408 of them (23.8%) were published from 2020 onward, and the busiest period so far is through 1999 with 75,720 records.

Reviews account for 11,271 records (5.1%) and meta-analyses for 328. Randomized controlled trials number 3,936 (1.8%) as a share of all records on the topic. Randomized trials make up only a small share of this literature, so much of what is known comes from laboratory, observational or descriptive work.

PubMed records by publication periodthrough 1999: 75,720 records; 2000-2009: 34,473 records; 2010-2019: 57,865 records; 2020 onward: 52,408 records75,720through 199934,4732000-200957,8652010-201952,4082020 onward
Records in PubMed indexed with this heading, by publication period. Real counts from NCBI E-utilities; the final period covers only part of the current year. Volume reflects how much has been published, not how strong the evidence is.
Show the data
PeriodRecords
through 199975,720
2000-200934,473
2010-201957,865
2020 onward52,408
Share of records by publication typeReviews: 5.1 percent; Meta-analyses: 0.1 percent; Randomized controlled trials: 1.8 percentReviews5.1% (11,271)Meta-analyses0.1% (328)Randomized controlled trials1.8% (3,936)
Share of all PubMed records on this heading that carry each publication type. Types overlap with other records, so the shares do not sum to 100%.
Publication-type chart data
Publication types among 220,466 PubMed records
TypeRecordsShare
Reviews11,2715.1%
Meta-analyses3280.1%
Randomized controlled trials3,9361.8%

Method: PubMed query "Glucans"[MeSH Terms] with publication-type and date filters, retrieved 2026-10-31.

Reading the evidence in drugs and chemicals

Studies of a chemical or drug can answer very different questions: what it is and how it behaves in cells and animals, how the body handles it, and whether it changes outcomes in people. Laboratory and animal findings often do not carry over to patients, and observational studies of exposures are confounded by who uses a substance and why. Nothing on this page is a recommendation to use, avoid, start or stop any substance or medicine; talk to a qualified clinician or pharmacist about your own situation. Check the dose, the species, the comparison group and whether a patient-relevant outcome was measured.

Evidence from open-access studies

These open-access studies come from PubMed’s best-match results for this heading (papers whose main topic it is), ranked here by citation count, with one recent addition. Each abstract is reproduced in full under its recorded open licence so that you can read the authors’ own words. They illustrate the literature; they are not a systematic summary of it. Citation counts measure attention, not reliability or clinical benefit.

Study comparison — selected abstracts, not a systematic review
Study / authorsYearSource label / designEurope PMC citationsLicence / source
Cost-Effective Solid-State NMR Of Fungal Glucans: A Case Study On Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Singh A, Massam-Wu T, Balasubramanian M, Chow WY
2026Research article
Design not recorded in structured metadata
5cc by
PMID 42068117 · DOI · PMC13380364
Beta-Glucan modulates monocyte plasticity and differentiation capacity to mitigate DSS-induced colitis
Lv Y, Fan Y, Gao Q, Chen Q, Hu Y, Wang L, et al.
2026Research article
Design not recorded in structured metadata
2cc by
PMID 42220316 · DOI · PMC13225843
A STRUBBELIG-NHL3 cell surface receptor complex mediates the response to cellulose deficiency in Arabidopsis
Boikine R, Chaudhary A, Mergner J, Leicher H, Stegmann M, Kuster B, et al.
2026Research article
Design not recorded in structured metadata
1cc by
PMID 42601502 · DOI · PMC13481253

Cost-Effective Solid-State NMR Of Fungal Glucans: A Case Study On Schizosaccharomyces pombe [1]

Research article Singh A, Massam-Wu T, Balasubramanian M, Chow WY · · 2026 · cited 5 times (Europe PMC)

Abstract reading summary — source excerpts
Opening excerpt
Solid-state NMR provides molecular-level insights into fungal cell walls, but full 13C-enrichment is costly and limits biological replication.
Closing excerpt
Together, these results establish low-level 13C labeling as a cost-effective strategy for fungal solid-state NMR and highlight the complementary strengths of whole cell and extracted wall-level analysis in uncovering how the effect of elevated temperature is encoded in cell wall architecture.
Interpretation limits
Verbatim excerpts from the authors’ abstract; the closing excerpt may describe a finding, limitation or recommendation. Design, population, effect size and uncertainty have not been independently extracted or appraised. Read the complete abstract and linked paper before interpreting the findings.
Read complete abstract (132 words)

Solid-state NMR provides molecular-level insights into fungal cell walls, but full 13C-enrichment is costly and limits biological replication. Here, we show that 10% 13C-glucose labeling in Schizosaccharomyces pombe is sufficient to resolve the major carbohydrate resonances and quantify glucan composition with high reproducibility. We then examined cell wall composition at two temperatures, both in whole cells and in extracted wall fractions. Interestingly, whole cell spectra indicated minor, nonsignificant changes with temperature, while extracted walls revealed differences between the rigid glucan matrices with β-1,3-glucan especially enriched at 36 ∘C$^{\circ }{\rm C}$ . Together, these results establish low-level 13C labeling as a cost-effective strategy for fungal solid-state NMR and highlight the complementary strengths of whole cell and extracted wall-level analysis in uncovering how the effect of elevated temperature is encoded in cell wall architecture.

Abstract reproduced from the open-access article under the recorded cc by licence; © the authors. PMID 42068117 · DOI · PMC13380364

Beta-Glucan modulates monocyte plasticity and differentiation capacity to mitigate DSS-induced colitis [2]

Research article Lv Y, Fan Y, Gao Q, Chen Q, Hu Y, Wang L, et al. · · 2026 · cited 2 times (Europe PMC)

Abstract reading summary — source excerpts
Opening excerpt
Trained immunity involves the reprogramming of innate immune cells after an initial exposure, resulting in heightened inflammatory responses to subsequent stimuli and enhanced bactericidal capacity during infection.
Closing excerpt
Collectively, these findings reveal how β-glucan-induced trained immunity modulates monocyte differentiation to ameliorate experimental colitis, highlighting the potential of harnessing trained immunity as a therapeutic strategy to recalibrate innate immune responses and restore gut homeostasis in IBD, shedding light for future clinical applications.
Interpretation limits
Verbatim excerpts from the authors’ abstract; the closing excerpt may describe a finding, limitation or recommendation. Design, population, effect size and uncertainty have not been independently extracted or appraised. Read the complete abstract and linked paper before interpreting the findings.
Read complete abstract (197 words)

Trained immunity involves the reprogramming of innate immune cells after an initial exposure, resulting in heightened inflammatory responses to subsequent stimuli and enhanced bactericidal capacity during infection. However, this pro-inflammatory state could also exacerbate chronic conditions like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is characterized by persistent inflammation and microbial imbalance. It remains unclear how trained immunity influences IBD pathogenesis and whether it can be harnessed therapeutically. In our study, pretreatment with β-glucan reprogrammed bone marrow hematopoietic progenitors and peripheral monocytes, inducing a profound shift in monocyte plasticity and significantly reducing the severity of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Adoptive transfer of bone marrow or peripheral monocytes from β-glucan-trained mice into naive mice conferred robust protection against colitis, demonstrating that this protective effect is transferable. Trained mice also displayed improved clearance of intestinal bacterial infections. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed an expansion of reparative Cx3cr1+ macrophages derived from Ly6Chi monocytes, correlating with accelerated colonic epithelial regeneration. Collectively, these findings reveal how β-glucan-induced trained immunity modulates monocyte differentiation to ameliorate experimental colitis, highlighting the potential of harnessing trained immunity as a therapeutic strategy to recalibrate innate immune responses and restore gut homeostasis in IBD, shedding light for future clinical applications.

Abstract reproduced from the open-access article under the recorded cc by licence; © the authors. PMID 42220316 · DOI · PMC13225843

A STRUBBELIG-NHL3 cell surface receptor complex mediates the response to cellulose deficiency in Arabidopsis [3]

Research article Boikine R, Chaudhary A, Mergner J, Leicher H, Stegmann M, Kuster B, et al. · · 2026 · cited 1 times (Europe PMC)

Abstract reading summary — source excerpts
Opening excerpt
Plant cells are enclosed by a semi-rigid cell wall with a complex biochemical composition and architecture.
Closing excerpt
Our results further suggest a diverse set of biochemically and functionally distinct SUB complexes involved in regulating cell wall integrity and development.
Interpretation limits
Verbatim excerpts from the authors’ abstract; the closing excerpt may describe a finding, limitation or recommendation. Design, population, effect size and uncertainty have not been independently extracted or appraised. Read the complete abstract and linked paper before interpreting the findings.
Read complete abstract (148 words)

Plant cells are enclosed by a semi-rigid cell wall with a complex biochemical composition and architecture. The poorly understood process of remodelling the cell wall is crucial for controlling growth and development and for regulating abiotic and biotic stress responses. Cell wall remodelling upon disruption of cell wall integrity through inhibition of cellulose biosynthesis depends on the receptor kinase STRUBBELIG (SUB) and its binding partner QUIRKY (QKY). Here, we identify NON-RACE SPECIFIC DISEASE RESISTANCE/HIN1 HAIRPIN-INDUCED-LIKE protein 3 (NHL3) as an additional factor involved in the SUB-dependent cellulose biosynthesis inhibition response. Collectively, our data indicate that NHL3 maintains SUB at the plasma membrane by physically interacting with SUB. SUB signalling is attenuated by receptor-mediated endocytosis initiated by release of first the SUB-NHL3 and later the SUB-QKY interaction. Our results further suggest a diverse set of biochemically and functionally distinct SUB complexes involved in regulating cell wall integrity and development.

Abstract reproduced from the open-access article under the recorded cc by licence; © the authors. PMID 42601502 · DOI · PMC13481253

Key reviews and meta-analyses

The most cited review-type papers among PubMed’s best-match results for this heading, listed with bibliographic details only. Follow the links for the full text and access terms.

  • Research article Association of hydroxyethyl starch administration with mortality and acute kidney injury in critically ill patients requiring volume resuscitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis [4]
    Zarychanski R, Abou-Setta AM, Turgeon AF, Houston BL, McIntyre L, Marshall JC, et al. · JAMA · 2013 · cited 383 times (Europe PMC)
  • Research article β-D-glucan assay for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections: a meta-analysis [5]
    Karageorgopoulos DE, Vouloumanou EK, Ntziora F, Michalopoulos A, Rafailidis PI, Falagas ME · Clin Infect Dis · 2011 · cited 360 times (Europe PMC)
  • Research article Cholesterol-lowering effects of oat β-glucan: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [6]
    Whitehead A, Beck EJ, Tosh S, Wolever TM · Am J Clin Nutr · 2014 · cited 246 times (Europe PMC)
  • Research article Diagnostic accuracy of serum 1,3-β-D-glucan for pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, invasive candidiasis, and invasive aspergillosis: systematic review and meta-analysis [7]
    Onishi A, Sugiyama D, Kogata Y, Saegusa J, Sugimoto T, Kawano S, et al. · J Clin Microbiol · 2012 · cited 218 times (Europe PMC)
  • Research article β-Glucan antigenemia assay for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections in patients with hematological malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies from the Third European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL-3) [8]
    Lamoth F, Cruciani M, Mengoli C, Castagnola E, Lortholary O, Richardson M, et al. · Clin Infect Dis · 2012 · cited 206 times (Europe PMC)
  • Research article Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.38-0.45 versus crystalloid or albumin in patients with sepsis: systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis [9]
    Haase N, Perner A, Hennings LI, Siegemund M, Lauridsen B, Wetterslev M, et al. · BMJ · 2013 · cited 191 times (Europe PMC)

References

  1. Singh A, Massam-Wu T, Balasubramanian M, Chow WY. Cost-Effective Solid-State NMR Of Fungal Glucans: A Case Study On Schizosaccharomyces pombe. . 2026. PMID 42068117 · DOI · PMC13380364
  2. Lv Y, Fan Y, Gao Q, Chen Q, Hu Y, Wang L, et al.. Beta-Glucan modulates monocyte plasticity and differentiation capacity to mitigate DSS-induced colitis. . 2026. PMID 42220316 · DOI · PMC13225843
  3. Boikine R, Chaudhary A, Mergner J, Leicher H, Stegmann M, Kuster B, et al.. A STRUBBELIG-NHL3 cell surface receptor complex mediates the response to cellulose deficiency in Arabidopsis. . 2026. PMID 42601502 · DOI · PMC13481253
  4. Zarychanski R, Abou-Setta AM, Turgeon AF, Houston BL, McIntyre L, Marshall JC, et al.. Association of hydroxyethyl starch administration with mortality and acute kidney injury in critically ill patients requiring volume resuscitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2013. PMID 23423413 · DOI
  5. Karageorgopoulos DE, Vouloumanou EK, Ntziora F, Michalopoulos A, Rafailidis PI, Falagas ME. β-D-glucan assay for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections: a meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2011. PMID 21367728 · DOI
  6. Whitehead A, Beck EJ, Tosh S, Wolever TM. Cholesterol-lowering effects of oat β-glucan: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014. PMID 25411276 · DOI · PMC5394769
  7. Onishi A, Sugiyama D, Kogata Y, Saegusa J, Sugimoto T, Kawano S, et al.. Diagnostic accuracy of serum 1,3-β-D-glucan for pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, invasive candidiasis, and invasive aspergillosis: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Microbiol. 2012. PMID 22075593 · DOI · PMC3256688
  8. Lamoth F, Cruciani M, Mengoli C, Castagnola E, Lortholary O, Richardson M, et al.. β-Glucan antigenemia assay for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections in patients with hematological malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies from the Third European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (ECIL-3). Clin Infect Dis. 2012. PMID 22198786 · DOI
  9. Haase N, Perner A, Hennings LI, Siegemund M, Lauridsen B, Wetterslev M, et al.. Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.38-0.45 versus crystalloid or albumin in patients with sepsis: systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. BMJ. 2013. PMID 23418281 · DOI · PMC3573769

About this article

Sources
NLM Medical Subject Headings (definition, synonyms); NCBI PubMed (counts, identifiers); Europe PMC (open-access abstracts and citation counts).
Verification
Every reference was resolved against PubMed on 2026-10-31; title, year and DOI matched.
Review state
automated source verified; no human expert review has been recorded yet.
Version
1, last updated 2026-10-31.

See how EvidenceLib is built. Spotted an error? Email support@evidencehelix.com.

Evidence strength

EvidenceHelix's computed view of the study designs behind this topic: how common meta-analyses, randomized trials and reviews are, how recent the literature is, and a plain-language reading. It describes the design mix of the literature. It is not a quality appraisal of any study, and it is not medical advice.

Included with the Researcher plan

Reading every article stays free. This computed view is part of the paid plans.

See plans Sign in

Your notes

Notes and highlights stay in this browser only; they are not sent to EvidenceHelix.

Related research topics

  • CelluloseDrugs and Chemicals
  • DextransDrugs and Chemicals
  • InulinDrugs and Chemicals
  • StarchDrugs and Chemicals
  • Resistant StarchAnatomy and Physiology
  • CyclodextrinsDrugs and Chemicals

All 546 articles in Drugs and Chemicals →

At a glance

220,466
PubMed records on this heading
24%
published since 2020
11,271
review articles
3,936
randomized trials
9
verified references below

Counts come from PubMed on 2026-10-31; they show how much has been written, not how strong the evidence is.

Related topics See all →

  • CelluloseDrugs and Chemicals
  • DextransDrugs and Chemicals
  • InulinDrugs and Chemicals
  • StarchDrugs and Chemicals
  • Resistant StarchAnatomy and Physiology

My notes & annotations (0)

Nothing yet. Select text and press Highlight, or write a note in the Notes tab. Stored in this browser only.

Sources

  • NLM MeSH record ↗
  • PubMed search used ↗

EvidenceLib is a research-education resource, not medical advice. It does not diagnose, prescribe or recommend starting, stopping or changing any treatment. Talk to a qualified clinician about your own situation. Methods, sources and licences · Legal · Support