Definition and research guide
This page combines a MeSH definition, publication statistics and selected research abstracts. It is a starting point for reading the literature, not a medical textbook or a systematic evidence review.
Content available: 3 complete abstracts (516 words), 9 references. Full article text is not stored or reproduced here; follow the PMID, DOI or PMC links to read the original sources and their access terms.
Definition
A broad class of substances containing carbon and its derivatives. Many of these chemicals will frequently contain hydrogen with or without oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and other elements. They exist in either carbon chain or carbon ring form.
Definition: NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) scope note (Public domain (U.S. National Library of Medicine); attribution requested). View the MeSH record.
Also known as: Chemicals, Organic; Organic Chemical; Chemical, Organic.
Where it fits in the MeSH classification
Research landscape
PubMed indexes 5,335,530 records tagged with the MeSH heading “Organic Chemicals” (counts retrieved 2026-10-31). 880,133 of them (16.5%) were published from 2020 onward, and the busiest period so far is through 1999 with 2,081,991 records.
Reviews account for 353,871 records (6.6%) and meta-analyses for 24,785. Randomized controlled trials number 199,704 (3.7%) as a share of all records on the topic.
Show the data
| Period | Records |
|---|---|
| through 1999 | 2,081,991 |
| 2000-2009 | 1,046,065 |
| 2010-2019 | 1,327,341 |
| 2020 onward | 880,133 |
Publication-type chart data
| Type | Records | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Reviews | 353,871 | 6.6% |
| Meta-analyses | 24,785 | 0.5% |
| Randomized controlled trials | 199,704 | 3.7% |
Method: PubMed query "Organic Chemicals"[MeSH Terms] with publication-type and date filters, retrieved 2026-10-31.
Reading the evidence in drugs and chemicals
Studies of a chemical or drug can answer very different questions: what it is and how it behaves in cells and animals, how the body handles it, and whether it changes outcomes in people. Laboratory and animal findings often do not carry over to patients, and observational studies of exposures are confounded by who uses a substance and why. Nothing on this page is a recommendation to use, avoid, start or stop any substance or medicine; talk to a qualified clinician or pharmacist about your own situation. Check the dose, the species, the comparison group and whether a patient-relevant outcome was measured.
Evidence from open-access studies
These open-access studies come from PubMed’s best-match results for this heading (papers whose main topic it is), ranked here by citation count, with one recent addition. Each abstract is reproduced in full under its recorded open licence so that you can read the authors’ own words. They illustrate the literature; they are not a systematic summary of it. Citation counts measure attention, not reliability or clinical benefit.
| Study / authors | Year | Source label / design | Europe PMC citations | Licence / source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Multienzyme cascade biotransformation of L-Tyrosine to Danshensu by engineered Escherichia coli | 2026 | Research article Design not recorded in structured metadata | 0 | cc by PMID 42912794 · DOI · PMC13693876 |
| The molecular footprint of valproic acid in human hippocampal organoid | 2026 | Research article Design not recorded in structured metadata | 0 | cc by PMID 42897295 · DOI · PMC13680533 |
| Cenobamate in super-refractory status epilepticus: current evidence from a patient-level synthesis | 2026 | Review article Design not recorded in structured metadata | 0 | cc by PMID 42924157 · DOI · PMC13689570 |
Multienzyme cascade biotransformation of L-Tyrosine to Danshensu by engineered Escherichia coli [1]
Abstract reading summary — source excerpts
- Opening excerpt
- Danshensu (DSS), a water-soluble bioactive compound with significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective and neuroprotective properties, is widely utilized in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.
- Closing excerpt
- These findings provide valuable insights for the scalable biosynthesis of pharmaceutically important compound of DSS from naturally available substrates of L-Tyrosine.
- Interpretation limits
- Verbatim excerpts from the authors’ abstract; the closing excerpt may describe a finding, limitation or recommendation. Design, population, effect size and uncertainty have not been independently extracted or appraised. Read the complete abstract and linked paper before interpreting the findings.
Read complete abstract (125 words)
Danshensu (DSS), a water-soluble bioactive compound with significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective and neuroprotective properties, is widely utilized in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. In this study, we established a multi-enzyme cascade system in engineered Escherichia coli to synthesize DSS from L-Tyrosine. The initial co-expression of 4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-monooxygenase (HpaBC), L-amino acid deaminase (aadL), glucose dehydrogenase (gdh) and D-lactate dehydrogenase (ldhD) yielded 5.1 mM DSS. The production of DSS increased to 6.53 mM through optimizing plasmid copy number. After optimizing the conditions, the yield of DSS reached 8.66 mM from strain 6. Finally, whole cell biotransformation using strain 6 in bioreactor yielded 19.47 mM DSS within 32h. These findings provide valuable insights for the scalable biosynthesis of pharmaceutically important compound of DSS from naturally available substrates of L-Tyrosine.
Abstract reproduced from the open-access article under the recorded cc by licence; © the authors. PMID 42912794 · DOI · PMC13693876
The molecular footprint of valproic acid in human hippocampal organoid [2]
Abstract reading summary — source excerpts
- Opening excerpt
- Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a multifaceted neurodevelopmental condition characterized by neuroinflammation, and disruption in neuronal development.
- Closing excerpt
- These findings highlight the contribution of miRNA-mediated regulatory mRNA networks to VPA-induced neuroinflammation-associated with ASD in hHOs.
- Interpretation limits
- Verbatim excerpts from the authors’ abstract; the closing excerpt may describe a finding, limitation or recommendation. Design, population, effect size and uncertainty have not been independently extracted or appraised. Read the complete abstract and linked paper before interpreting the findings.
Read complete abstract (145 words)
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a multifaceted neurodevelopmental condition characterized by neuroinflammation, and disruption in neuronal development. Valproic acid (VPA) is a known environmental risk factor for ASD. Induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs IMR90-4)-derived human hippocampal organoids (hHOs) at 60 days of development were used to investigate VPA-induced changes in mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) profiles. The molecular effects of VPA on hHOs were deciphered by meaningfully integrating the ability of miRNA to regulate expression of their predicted mRNA targets crucial to altering neuroinflammatory pathways. Molecular footprint can be defined as the VPA-induced changes to the miRNA profile resulting in coordinated post-transcriptional (mRNA) regulation of neuronal and inflammatory pathways associated with ASD. Based on the results, the molecular footprint of VPA in hHOs was generated for the first time. These findings highlight the contribution of miRNA-mediated regulatory mRNA networks to VPA-induced neuroinflammation-associated with ASD in hHOs.
Abstract reproduced from the open-access article under the recorded cc by licence; © the authors. PMID 42897295 · DOI · PMC13680533
Cenobamate in super-refractory status epilepticus: current evidence from a patient-level synthesis [3]
Abstract reading summary — source excerpts
- Opening excerpt
- BackgroundSuper-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) represents a challenging neurological emergency, with limited therapeutic options after conventional intravenous antiseizure medications (ASMs) and continuous anesthetic therapy have failed.
- Closing excerpt
- Prospective multicenter studies are needed to clarify cenobamate optimal timing, titration strategy, safety, and potential role within SRSE treatment algorithms.
- Interpretation limits
- Verbatim excerpts from the authors’ abstract; the closing excerpt may describe a finding, limitation or recommendation. Design, population, effect size and uncertainty have not been independently extracted or appraised. Read the complete abstract and linked paper before interpreting the findings.
Read complete abstract (246 words)
BackgroundSuper-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) represents a challenging neurological emergency, with limited therapeutic options after conventional intravenous antiseizure medications (ASMs) and continuous anesthetic therapy have failed. Cenobamate has shown remarkable efficacy in drug-resistant focal epilepsy, but its role in SRSE is currently supported only by isolated case reports.MethodsWe performed a patient-level synthesis of published cases of cenobamate-treated SRSE, focusing on treatment latency, titration strategy, electroclinical response, concomitant therapies, safety, and functional outcomes.ResultsThree publications reporting six patients were identified. Cenobamate was introduced between 13 and 103 days after SRSE onset, following failure of multiple intravenous and oral ASMs, anesthetic agents, and, in most cases, immunomodulatory therapies. Although the timing of treatment initiation varied substantially, electroencephalographic improvement generally occurred within two weeks after cenobamate initiation and was usually accompanied by clinical recovery, successful withdrawal of anesthetic therapy, and liberation from the intensive care unit. Most patients initiated cenobamate at the recommended dose of 12.5 mg/day but underwent individualized dose-escalation schedules compared with the approved outpatient regimen. No cases of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, severe cardiac adverse events, or treatment discontinuation attributable to cenobamate were reported.ConclusionsAlthough the available evidence remains limited to a small number of observational reports, this patient-level synthesis identified consistent clinical patterns that support further investigation of cenobamate as an adjunctive therapy for SRSE. At present, no conclusions regarding treatment efficacy can be drawn. Prospective multicenter studies are needed to clarify cenobamate optimal timing, titration strategy, safety, and potential role within SRSE treatment algorithms.
Abstract reproduced from the open-access article under the recorded cc by licence; © the authors. PMID 42924157 · DOI · PMC13689570
Key reviews and meta-analyses
The most cited review-type papers among PubMed’s best-match results for this heading, listed with bibliographic details only. Follow the links for the full text and access terms.
- Research article The efficacy and safety of cannabinoids for the treatment of mental disorders and substance use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis [4]
- Research article Efficacy and Safety of Prasugrel, Ticagrelor, or Clopidogrel After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [5]
- Research article Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Allergic Contact Dermatitis from 2-Octyl Cyanoacrylate Adhesives [6]
- Research article Comparison of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam and Ceftazidime-Avibactam in the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant/Difficult-to-Treat Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [7]
- Research article Head-to-head comparison of [18F]-mFBG versus [123I]-MIBG in neuroblastoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis [8]
- Research article Creatine monohydrate for lean mass, strength, and bone density in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis [9]
References
- Xiong T, Li S, Li X, Li X, Wu M, Liu J, et al.. Multienzyme cascade biotransformation of L-Tyrosine to Danshensu by engineered Escherichia coli. . 2026. PMID 42912794 · DOI · PMC13693876
- Pokharel BR, Cook PP, Akula SM. The molecular footprint of valproic acid in human hippocampal organoid. . 2026. PMID 42897295 · DOI · PMC13680533
- Falcicchio G, Francavilla T. Cenobamate in super-refractory status epilepticus: current evidence from a patient-level synthesis. . 2026. PMID 42924157 · DOI · PMC13689570
- Wilson J, Dobson O, Langcake A, Mishra P, Bryant Z, Leung J, et al.. The efficacy and safety of cannabinoids for the treatment of mental disorders and substance use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Psychiatry. 2026. PMID 41856154 · DOI
- Maqsood MH, Feit F, Kaul U, Rao SV, Giacoppo D, Kastrati A, et al.. Efficacy and Safety of Prasugrel, Ticagrelor, or Clopidogrel After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Cardiol. 2026. PMID 42201709 · DOI
- Rouhani DS, Rosenbloom A, Zeng S, Sun A, Seradj SH, Moshrefi C, et al.. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Allergic Contact Dermatitis from 2-Octyl Cyanoacrylate Adhesives. J Am Coll Surg. 2026. PMID 41784277 · DOI · PMC13460326
- Gatti M, De Paola R, Giorgi B, Pea F. Comparison of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam and Ceftazidime-Avibactam in the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant/Difficult-to-Treat Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2026. PMID 41844194 · DOI · PMC13537137
- Albano D, Bertagna F, Piccardo A, Fiz F, Treglia G. Head-to-head comparison of [18F]-mFBG versus [123I]-MIBG in neuroblastoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Radiol. 2026. PMID 42418017 · DOI · PMC13668891
- Naddafha S, Antonio J, Kreider RB, Stout JR. Creatine monohydrate for lean mass, strength, and bone density in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2026. PMID 42141930 · DOI · PMC13182165
About this article
- Sources
- NLM Medical Subject Headings (definition, synonyms); NCBI PubMed (counts, identifiers); Europe PMC (open-access abstracts and citation counts).
- Verification
- Every reference was resolved against PubMed on 2026-10-31; title, year and DOI matched.
- Review state
- automated source verified; no human expert review has been recorded yet.
- Version
- 1, last updated 2026-10-31.
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Evidence strength
EvidenceHelix's computed view of the study designs behind this topic: how common meta-analyses, randomized trials and reviews are, how recent the literature is, and a plain-language reading. It describes the design mix of the literature. It is not a quality appraisal of any study, and it is not medical advice.