Astronomical Data, Front matter | University Physics Volume 2

Learning objectives

Astronomical Data
Celestial Object	Mean Distance from Sun (million km)	Period of Revolution (d = days) (y = years)	Period of Rotation at Equator	Eccentricity of Orbit
Sun	−	−	27 d	−
Mercury	57.9	88 d	59 d	0.206
Venus	108.2	224.7 d	243 d	0.007
Earth	149.6	365.25 d	23 h 56 min 4 s	0.017
Mars	227.9	687 d	24 h 37 min 23 s	0.093
Jupiter	778.4	11.9 y	9 h 50 min 30 s	0.048
Saturn	1426.7	29.5 y	10 h 14 min	0.054
Uranus	2871.0	84.0 y	17 h 14 min	0.047
Neptune	4498.3	164.8 y	16 h	0.009
Earth’s Moon	149.6 (0.386 from Earth)	27.3 d	27.3 d	0.055
Celestial Object	Equatorial Diameter (km)	Mass (Earth = 1)	Density (g/cm³)
Sun	1,392,000	333,000.00	1.4
Mercury	4879	0.06	5.4
Venus	12,104	0.82	5.2
Earth	12,756	1.00	5.5
Mars	6794	0.11	3.9
Jupiter	142,984	317.83	1.3
Saturn	120,536	95.16	0.7
Uranus	51,118	14.54	1.3

Other Data:

Mass of Earth: $5.97 \times 10^{24} kg$

Mass of the Moon: $7.36 \times 10^{22} kg$

Mass of the Sun: $1.99 \times 10^{30} kg$

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