Acknowledgements

Trial team

• Felix Achana (Associate Professor).
• Dawn Carnes [Director: National Council for Osteopathic Research (UK)].
• Sandra Eldridge (Professor).
• David Ellard (Associate Professor).
• Barbara Gougoulis (Administrator).
• Frances Griffiths (Professor of Medicine in Society).
• Elizabeth Habershon (Research Nurse).
• Kirstie Haywood (Reader).
• Siew Wan Hee (Senior Research Fellow).
• Helen Higgins (Senior Project Manager).
• Sobhash Jhuree (Research Nurse).
• Manjit Matharu (Professor).
• Hema Mistry (Associate Professor).
• Dipesh Mistry (Trial Statistician).
• Sian Newton (Trial Manager).
• Vivien Nichols (Research Fellow).
• Chloe Norman (Trial Co-ordinator).
• Emma Padfield (Senior Project Manager).
• Shilpa Patel (Senior Research Fellow).
• Stavros Petrou (Professor).
• Tamar Pincus (Professor).
• Rachel Potter (Senior Research Fellow).
• Harbinder Sandhu (Professor).
• Kimberley Stewart (Trial Manager).
• Stephanie Taylor (Professor).
• Martin Underwood (Professor).

Other co-applicants

• Giles Elrington.
• Brendan Davies.
• Joanna Hamilton-Colclough.
• Mary Bright.
• Wendy Thomas.

Trial Steering Committee

• David Fitzmaurice.
• Simon Kyle.
• Louise Longworth.
• Andrea Manca.
• Stephen Morley.
• Allison Ogden-Newton.
• Fran Reynolds.
• Leone Ridsdale (chairperson).
• Alexandra Sinclair.
• Linda Williams.
• Nicola Williams.

Data Monitoring and Ethics Committee

• Brian Burns.
• Professor Lee Shepston (chairperson).
• Tracey Young.

Grant-holding body

Ceri Jones, Giovanni Bucci, and the finance team within University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire.

Support staff

University of Warwick

Sharisse Alleyne, Rebecca Ayling, Dongquan Bi, Katie Booth, David Boss, Reece Carlington, Loraine Chowdhury, James Crawford, Claire Daffern, Penny Goode, Danielle Hale, Catherine Hill, Amy Ismay, Xiaoli Jia, Jenny Lee, Chockalingam Muthiah, Kerry Raynes, Sonia Sandhu, Marta Spocinska, Craig Turner, Jill Wood and Ziyu Zhong; and Adrian Willis and the finance team within Warwick Medical School.

Queen Mary University of London

Ryan Grainger, Charlotte Edwards Roscamp and Muriel Mcaughtrie.

Classification day

Angela Abdalla, Maha Ahmed, Debi Alvares, Jane Anderson, Bal Athwal, Mohammed Belhag, Barbara Box, Phoebe Brobby, Sam Chong, Katie Dodd, Paul Dorman, Julie Edwards, Roland Etti, Jithin George, Rachel Hanson, Susan Hirst, Graham Howkins, Sarah Irving, Zaza Katsarava, Francesca Kelly, Susie Lagrata, Nassif Mansour, Lynne Muldoon, Gemma Napul, Niran Nirmalananthan, Sally Reckert, Deb Smith, Imad Soryal, Tim Steiner, Anthony Thomas, Alok Tyagi, Jitka Vanderpol, Ben Wakerley, Tom Walker, Stuart Weatherby, Lara York and Tim Young.

Core Outcome Set in Migraine consensus day

Maha Ahmed, Bal Athwal, Barbara Box, Keith Griffiths, Asha Hareendran, Amanda Harrison, Kirstie Haywood, Rigor Jensen, Jessica Jones, Susie Lagrata, Richard Lipton, Anne-Marie Logan, Manjit Matharu, Vivien Nichols, Niranjanan Nirmalananthan, Shilpa Patel, Gemma Pearce, Stavros Petrou, Rachel Potter, Helen Power, Regina Rendas-Baum, Susan Stubbs, Martin Underwood, Amit Vora and Lara York.

Clinvivo

Johnathan Foss and Rob Froud.

Additional authors of publications

Fiona Caldwell, Tom Mars and Arani Vivekanantham.

Classification calls

Tracey Adcock, Elaine Butcher, Jon Davies, Pauline Derbyshire, Linda Field, Eleanor Hoverd, Sarah Joshi, Claire Talbot, Sobhash Jhuree and Elizabeth Habershon.

Lay advisory group members

Barbara Box, Sarah Alix, Graham Howkins, Lynne Muldoon, Gemma Pearce, Sally Reckert, Deb Smith, Lisa Stubbs, Christine Williams and Lara York.

Lay contributors to feedback on feasibility Research Ethics Committee application

Rachel Clegg, Claire Horton, Fran Kelly and Sheila Kelly.

Lay contributors to intervention design day

Elinor Bailey, Andrew Cook and Meghan Fay.

Facilitators

Jeanette Allison, Sue Carrington, Olivia Neely, Emma Randle and Gemma Pearce. Denis Anthony, Melissa Baldey, Claire Balmer, Sarah Bridgewater, Sue Carrington, Sinead Clarke O’Neill, Penny Crofts, Rebecca Davies, Linda Field, Elizabeth Habershon, Joanna Haywood, Sobhash Jhuree, Debbie Kelly, Sue Kenney, Anne-Marie Logan, Janet Lowe, Vinod Mahtani, Anna Molares, Katherine Priddis, Katrin Probyn, Jayshireen Singh, Karlene Stimpson, Priya Varma, Claire Winch and Sarah Wytrykowski.

General practices

London

Akerman Medical Practice, Albion Street Group Practice, Argyle Health Practice, Artesian Health Centre, Aylesbury Medical Centre, Balham Park Surgery, Belsize Priory Medical Practice, Binfield Road Surgery, Blackfen Medical Centre, Blithehale Medical Centre, Brayford Square Surgery, Bridge Lane Group Practice, Brockley Road Surgery, Brondesbury Medical Centre, Chrisp Street Health Centre, City Wellbeing Practice, Clapham Park Group Practice, Commercial Way Surgery, Crosslands Surgery, Crown Dale Medical Centre, Decima Street Surgery, Dr Driver & Partners, Dun Cow Surgery, Essex Lodge Surgery, Forest Hill Group Practice, Fortune Green Practice, Gill Medical Practice, Greengate Medical Centre, Grove Park Terrace Surgery, Hampstead Group Practice, Harford Health Centre, Herne Hill Road Medical Practice, Heston Living Care, Hounslow Family Practice, James Wigg Group Practice, Jubilee Street Practice, Keats Group Practice, Knoll Medical Practice, Lambeth Walk Group Practice, Manor Place Surgery, Minet Green Health Practice, Mocketts Wood Surgery, Morden Hill Surgery, Mount Medical Centre, New Eltham Medical Centre, Northgate Medical Practice, Nexus Health Group, Old Dairy Health Centre, Open Door Surgery, Park Group Practice, Parliament Hill Surgery, Prince of Wales Medical Centre, Princess Street Group Practice, Queens Crescent Practice, Sir John Kirk Close Surgery, Southfields Group Practice, St Paul’s Way Medical Centre, Stratford Health Centre, Stanford Medical Centre, Streatham Common Practice, Surrey Docks Health Centre, Talbot Medical Centre, The 301 East Street Surgery, The Beeches Surgery, The Bromley Common Practice, The Exchange Surgery, The Spitalfields Practice, The Woodlands Practice, Twickenham Park Medical Centre, Upton Lane Medical Centre, West Hampstead Medical Practice, Whitechapel Health Centre and Woodgrange Medical Practice.

Midlands

Abingdon Surgery, Alcester Health Centre, All Saints Medical Centre, All Saints Surgery, Alrewas Surgery, Apollo Surgery, Aspley Medical Practice, Avonside Health Centre, Balance Street Practice, Barton Family Practice, Bennfield Surgery, Berinsfield Health Centre, Boathouse Surgery, Broad Street Surgery, Broadshires Health Centre, Budbrooke Medical Centre, Bulkington Surgery, Burbury Medical Centre, Bushloe Surgery, Castle Medical Centre, Chase Meadow Health Centre, Church Street Practice, Churchfields Surgery, Clifton Hampden Surgery, Cobbs Garden Surgery, College Road Surgery, Copsewood Medical Centre, Corbett Medical Centre, Coventry Road Medical Practice, Cradley Surgery, Cripps Health Centre, Dordon & Polesworth Group Practice, Downsfield Medical Centre, Dr Rasib and Partners, Dr Reily and Partners, Dr Singh & Partners, Dr Sood and Partners, Dr Walji & Partners, Dudley Park Medical Centre, East Leicester Medical Practice, Eaton Wood Medical Centre, Eden Court Medical Practice, Elmswood Surgery, Erdington Medical Centre, Eynsham Medical Group, Farrier House Surgery, Forrest Medical Centre, Gate Medical Centre, Great Witley Surgery, Greet Medical Practice, Holbrooks Health Team, Hall Green Health, Hazelwood Group Practice, Henley Green Medical Centre, High Street Surgery, Hockley Farm Medical Practice, Jockey Road Medical Centre, Kingsfield Medical Centre, Kingsmount Medical Centre, Lapworth Surgery, Leen View Surgery, Limbrick Wood Surgery, Long Furlong Medical Centre, Manor Court Surgery, Lisle Court Medical Centre, Marcham Road Family Health Centre, Maypole Health Surgery, Mere Green Surgery, Mill View Surgery, Mortimer Medical Practice, Moseley Avenue Surgery, New Road Surgery, Northgate Surgery, Norton Canes Health Centre, Omnia Practice Yardley, Green Medical Centre, Park Leys Medical Practice, Peel Croft Surgery, Phoenix Family Care, Priory Gate Practice, Queslett Medical Centre, Red House Surgery, River Brook Medical, Rivergreen Medical Centre, Riversley Road Surgery, Rother House Medical Centre, Salters Medical Practice, Sherbourne Medical Centre, Shipston Medical Centre, Spring Gardens Health Centre, St Johns House Medical Centre, St Wulfstan Surgery, Sunrise Medical Practice, The Atherstone Surgery, The Chiltern Surgery, The Fairfields Practice, The Forum Health Centre, The Grange Medical Centre, The Malthouse Surgery, The Marches Surgery, The New Dispensary, The Old Priory Medical Centre, The Surgery at Aylestone, The Westgate Practice, Thornloe Lodge Surgery, Trinity Court Surgery, Wallingford Medical Practice, Walsgrave Health Centre, Westfield Surgery, Westside Medical Centre, Wetmore Road Surgery, Whaddon Medical Centre, White Horse Medical Practice, Willenhall Primary Care Centre 1, Windrush Medical Practice, Woodlands Medical Centre and Yardley Wood Health Centre.

Clinical Commissioning Groups

• Coventry and Rugby.
• South Warwickshire.
• North Warwickshire.
• Birmingham Cross City.
• East Staffordshire.
• South East Staffordshire and Seisdon Peninsula.
• Birmingham South Central.
• Nottingham City.
• Nottingham North & East.
• Nottingham West.
• Leicester City.
• East Leicester & Rutland.
• Camden.
• Hounslow.

CHESS digital versatile disc

Slate & Mortar Ltd (Birmingham, UK).

CHESS mindfulness compact disc and handout

Mindlab Goodworks Ltd (Teddington, UK) and Gill Davies.

Relaxation compact disc production

Warwick Audio Visual Department.

National Migraine Centre

Paul Booton, David Bloomfield, Jessica Briscoe, Charlotte Burr, Nazeli Manukyan, Katy Munro, Judith Pearson, Swati Raina, Lauren Shirazi and Heather Sims.

Migraine Trust

Angus Baldwin, Susan Haydon, Wendy Thomas and Arlene Wilkie.

Migraine Action

Simon Evans.

Clinical Research Networks

• Leicester.
• North London.
• Nottingham.
• South London.
• Thames Valley South Midlands.
• West Midlands.

Contributions of authors

Martin Underwood (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0309-1708) was the chief investigator for the programme. Martin Underwood and Manjit Matharu (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4960-2294) devised the original concept and Manjit Matharu was clinical lead. Dawn Carnes (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-3133), Sandra Eldridge (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5638-2317), David R Ellard (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2992-048X), Frances Griffiths (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4173-1438), Kirstie Haywood (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5405-187X), Siew Wan Hee (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0415-263X), Harbinder Sandhu (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1522-8078), Stavros Petrou (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3121-6050), Tamar Pincus (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3172-5624), Stephanie JC Taylor (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7454-6354) and Manjit Matharu were the original co-applicants for the programme grant.

Sian Newton (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8035-0411), Choe Norman (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3275-3141) and Kimberley Stewart (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9814-8331) were trial managers and Helen Higgins (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7095-4542) and Emma Padfield (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4832-9609) were senior project managers. Sandra Eldridge, Siew Wan Hee and Dipesh Mistry (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0875-9260) led the statistical analysis and interpretation. Felix Achana (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8727-9125), Hema Mistry (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5023-1160) and Stavros Petrou led the health economic analysis and interpretation. Dawn Carnes, Shilpa Patel (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0726-4888), Harbinder Sandhu, Tamar Pincus and Stephanie JC Taylor and led the development of the self-management intervention, and Rachel Potter (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6655-8996) and Manjit Matharu led the headache classification and one-to-one consultations. Kirstie Haywood led the outcome measurement work. David R Ellard, Frances Griffiths, Vivien Nichols (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3372-1395) and Stephanie JC Taylor led the process evaluation.

All authors made substantial contributions to the design of the work or the acquisition, analysis or interpretation of the data, and provided a critical review and final approval of the report.

Publications

2016

Fifth European Headache and Migraine Trust International Congress, Glasgow

Haywood K, Mars TS, Potter R, Patel S, Underwood M. Assessing the Impact of Chronic and Episodic Headache and Treatment Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS). 5th European Headache and Migraine Trust International Congress, Glasgow, UK, 15–18 September 2016.

Patel S, Carnes D, Matharu M, Pincus T, Sandhu H, Underwood M, Probyn K. Development of an Educational and Self-management Intervention for Chronic Headache – Chronic Headache Education and Self-Management Study (CHESS). 5th European Headache and Migraine Trust International Congress, Glasgow, UK, 15–18 September 2016.

Probyn K, Caldwell F, Bowers H, Matharu M, Patel S, Sandhu H, Underwood M, Pincus T. Style and Content of Educational and Self-management Interventions for Chronic Headache – A Systematic Review. 5th European Headache and Migraine Trust International Congress, Glasgow, UK, 15–18 September 2016.

Probyn K, Caldwell F, Bowers H, Matharu M, Sandhu H, Underwood M, Pincus T. Predictors of Chronic Headache – A Systematic Review. 5th European Headache and Migraine Trust International Congress, Glasgow, UK, 15–18 September 2016.

Potter R, Dodd K, Matharu M, Probyn K, Pincus T, Underwood M. Development of a Chronic Headache Classification Interview – Chronic Headache Education and Self-management Study (CHESS). 5th European Headache and Migraine Trust International Congress, Glasgow, UK, 15–18 September 2016.

2017

The British Pain Society’s 50th Anniversary Annual Scientific Meeting, Birmingham

Nichols V, Ellard D, Griffiths F, Atiya K, Underwood M, Taylor S. The Lived Experience of Chronic Headache and Its Treatment: A Qualitative Review and Synthesis of Qualitative Studies. The British Pain Society’s 50th Anniversary Annual Scientific Meeting, Birmingham, UK, 3–5 May 2017.

Patel S, Sandhu H, Carnes D, Matharu M, Pincus T, Potter R, Probyn K, Taylor S, Underwood M. Development of an Educational and Self-management Intervention for Chronic Headache – The Chronic Headache Education and Self-management Study (CHESS). The British Pain Society’s 50th Anniversary Annual Scientific Meeting, Birmingham, UK, 3–5 May 2017.

Probyn K, Mistry D, Bowers H, Caldwell F, Patel S, Sandhu H, Underwood M, Matharu M, Pincus T. Non-Pharmacological Self-management For People Living With Migraine or Tension-Type Headache: A Systematic Review Including Analysis of Intervention Components. The British Pain Society’s 50th Anniversary Annual Scientific Meeting, Birmingham, UK, 3–5 May 2017.

Probyn K, Bowers H, Mistry D, Caldwell F, Patel D, Sandhu H, Underwood M, Matharu M. Prognostic Factors for Chronic Headache: A Systematic Review. The British Pain Society 50th Anniversary Annual Scientific Meeting, Birmingham, UK, 3–5 May 2017.

South East Regional Society for Academic Primary Care Conference, Cambridge

Vivien Nichols, Stephanie Taylor, David Ellard, Frances Griffiths. “Maybe the next one will work?” How People with Chronic Headache Manage. A Qualitative Study. South East Regional Society for Academic Primary Care Conference, Cambridge, UK, 26–27 January 2017.

Society for Academic Primary Care Conference, Warwick

Patel S, Sandhu H, Carnes D, Taylor S, Matharu M, Pincus T, Probyn K, Potter R, Underwood M. Development of an Educational and Self-management Intervention for Chronic Headache – Chronic Headache Education and Self-Management Study (CHESS). Society for Academic Primary Care Conference, Warwick, UK, 12–14 July 2017.

Potter R, Matharu M, Dodd K, Wan Hee S, Underwood M. Development and Validation of a Chronic Headache Classification Interview – Chronic Headache Education and Self-management Study (CHESS). Society for Academic Primary Care Conference, Warwick, UK, 12–14 July 2017.

Nichols V, Ellard D, Griffiths F, Underwood M, Taylor S. What Is It Like for Patients Living with Chronic Headache? A Systematic Review and Synthesis of Qualitative Studies. Society for Academic Primary Care Conference, Warwick, UK, 12–14 July 2017.

Probyn K, Bowers H, Mistry S, Caldwell F, Underwood M, Matharu M, Pincus T. Can We Identify Factors Predicting Prognosis and Influencing Response to Preventative Interventions for Chronic Headache? Society for Academic Primary Care Conference, Warwick, UK, 12–14 July 2017.

Probyn K, Bowers H, Mistry D, Caldwell F, Underwood M, Patel S, Sandhu H, Matharu M, Pincus T. Non-pharmacological Self-management with CBT, Patient Education, Mindfulness and Relaxation for Migraine and Tension-type Headache: A Systematic Review. Society for Academic Primary Care Conference, Warwick, UK, 12–14 July 2017.

10th Congress the of European Pain Federation, Copenhagen

Probyn K, Bowers H, Mistry D, Caldwell F, Underwood M, Patel S, Sandhu H, Matharu M, Pincus T. Non-pharmacological Self-management for People Living with Migraine or Tension-type Headache: A Systematic Review Including Analysis of Intervention Components. European Pain Federation 10th Congress of European Pain Federation, Copenhagen, Denmark, 6–9 September 2017.

Potter R, Matharu M, Wan Hee S, Underwood M. Development and Validation of a Chronic Headache Classification Interview – Chronic Headache Education and Self-management Study (CHESS). European Pain Federation 10th Congress of European Pain Federation, Copenhagen, Denmark, 6–9 September 2017.

Nichols V, Ellard D, Griffiths F, Underwood M, Taylor S. The Lived Experience of Chronic Headache: A Systematic Review and Synthesis of Qualitative Studies. European Pain Federation 10th Congress of European Pain Federation, Copenhagen, Denmark, 6–9 September 2017.

Probyn K, Bowers H, Mistry D, Caldwell F, Underwood M, Matharu M, Pincus T. Can We Identify Factors Predicting Prognosis and Influencing Response to Preventative Interventions for Chronic Headache? European Pain Federation 10th Congress of European Pain Federation, Copenhagen, Denmark, 6–9 September 2017.

2018

Society for Academic Primary Care 2018 Conference, London

Potter R, White K, Matharu M, Taylor S, Sandhu H, Underwood M. Chronic Headache Education and Self-management Study (CHESS) – A Feasibility Study. Society for Academic Primary Care Conference, London, UK, 10–12 July 2018.

Potter R, White K, Matharu M, Taylor S, Sandhu H, Ellard D, Underwood M. Chronic Headache Education and Self-management Study (CHESS). Society for Academic Primary Care Conference, London, UK, 10–12 July 2018.

17th International Association for the Study of Pain World Congress on Pain, Boston, MA

Potter R, Matharu M, Dodd K, Wan Hee S, Hoverd E, Underwood M. Development and Validation of a Telephone Classification Interview for Chronic Headache. 17th International Association for the Study of Pain World Congress on Pain, Boston, MA, USA, 12–16 September 2018.

Patel S, Sandhu H, Carnes D, Taylor S, Matharu M, Pincus T, Probyn K, Potter R, Underwood M. Development of an Educational and Self-management Intervention for Chronic Headache. 17th International Association for the Study of Pain World Congress on Pain, Boston, MA, USA, 12–16 September 2018.

Potter R, White K, Matharu M, Taylor S, Sandhu H, Ellard D, Underwood M. Design and Chronic Headache Education and Self-management Study (CHESS): Trial Design. 17th International Association for the Study of Pain World Congress on Pain, Boston, MA, USA, 12–16 September 2018.

2019

UK Trial Managers’ Network Annual Conference, Birmingham

White K, Potter R, Underwood M on behalf of the CHESS team. Chronic Headache Education and Self-management Study (CHESS) – Challenges and Facilitators to Study Recruitment and Delivery. UK Trial Managers’ Network Annual Conference, Birmingham, UK, 2019.

Norman C, Patel S on behalf of the CHESS Team. Chronic Headache Education and Self-management Study (CHESS) – Smartphone Application. UK Trial Managers’ Network Annual Conference, Birmingham, UK, 2019.

2022

Ellard D, Nichols V, Griffiths F, Underwood M, Taylor S on behalf of the CHESS team. A process evaluation of the chronic headache education and self-management study (CHESS) Association for the Study of Pain 19th IASP World Congress on Pain 2022 Toronto, Canada, 2022.

Underwood M, on behalf of the CHESS team. The CHESS trial. A supportive self-management programme for people livings with chronic headaches: a randomised trial and economic evaluation. Association for the Study of Pain 19th IASP World Congress on Pain 2022 Toronto, Canada, 2022.

Data-sharing statement

All requests for data should be sent to the Warwick Clinical Trials Unit data access team (wctudataaccess@warwick.ac.uk). Access to anonymised data may be granted following review.

Patient data

This work uses data provided by patients and collected by the NHS as part of their care and support. Using patient data is vital to improve health and care for everyone. There is huge potential to make better use of information from people’s patient records, to understand more about disease, develop new treatments, monitor safety, and plan NHS services. Patient data should be kept safe and secure, to protect everyone’s privacy, and it’s important that there are safeguards to make sure that it is stored and used responsibly. Everyone should be able to find out about how patient data are used. #datasaveslives You can find out more about the background to this citation here: https://understandingpatientdata.org.uk/data-citation.

Disclaimers

This report presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR). The views and opinions expressed by authors in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the NHS, the NIHR, CCF, PGfAR or the Department of Health and Social Care. If there are verbatim quotations included in this publication the views and opinions expressed by the interviewees are those of the interviewees and do not necessarily reflect those of the authors, those of the NHS, the NIHR, the PGfAR programme or the Department of Health and Social Care.