The authors are grateful to Heather Dakin and Ben Thomas for clerical support, study management and manuscript formatting. We are also grateful to Mike Bradshaw (statistician) for his support with data analysis in workstream 2. The authors would also like to thank all members of the PPI group and the Study Steering Group for engagement with the project advice and comment throughout. The authors would also like to thank Emma Gee in particular, for assistance with dissemination of the relevant survey details to national VTE leads through the Nursing and Midwifery National Network and the GIRFT thrombosis contributors.
Contributions of authors
Daniel Edward Horner (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0400-2017) (Consultant in Emergency and Critical Care Medicine) contributed to the design of the study, led workstream 2 as co-chief investigator and drafted the monograph.
Sarah Davis (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6609-4287) (Health economist and reader in decision science) contributed to the design of the study, contributed to the Project Management Group throughout the study, conducted the analysis of economic models and critically revised the work for important intellectual content.
Abdullah Pandor (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2552-5260) (Information Specialist) led the systematic review in workstream 1 and critically revised the work for important intellectual content.
Helen Shulver (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7152-4125) (Study Manager) contributed to the design of the study, contributed to the Project Management Group throughout the study and provided project leadership for a substantial portion of the project.
Steve Goodacre (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0803-8444) (Emergency Medicine) contributed to the design of the study, led workstream 1 as co-chief investigator and critically revised the work for important intellectual content.
Daniel Hind (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6409-4793) (Clinical Trials) contributed to the design of the study, contributed to the Project Management Group throughout the study and critically revised the work for important intellectual content.
Saleema Rex (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0318-6125) (statistics) provided statistical input to the project management group and was involved in the interpretation of data.
Michael Gillett (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9243-3556) (statistics) provided statistical input to the project management group and was involved in the interpretation of data.
Matthew Bursnall (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6519-3558) (statistics) provided statistical input to the project management group and was involved in the interpretation of data.
Xavier Griffin (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2976-7523) (Trauma and Orthopaedics) contributed to the design of the study, contributed to the Project Management Group throughout the study and critically revised the work for important intellectual content.
Mark Holland (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8336-5336) (Acute Medicine) contributed to the design of the study, contributed to the Project Management Group throughout the study and critically revised the work for important intellectual content.
Beverley Jane Hunt (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4709-0774) (Thrombosis and Haemostasis) contributed to the design of the study, contributed to the Project Management Group throughout the study and critically revised the work for important intellectual content.
Kerstin de Wit (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2763-6474) (Emergency Medicine and Thrombosis) contributed to the design of the study, contributed to the Project Management Group throughout the study and critically revised the work for important intellectual content.
Shan Bennett (patient representative) contributed to the design of the study, contributed to the project management group throughout the study and provided patient and public involvement throughout the study.
Robin Pierce-Williams (patient representative) contributed to the design of the study, contributed to the project management group throughout the study and provided patient and public involvement throughout the study.
All authors were involved in the final approval of the version to be published.
All authors agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions relating to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Publications
Pandor A, Tonkins M, Goodacre S, et al. Risk assessment models for venous thromboembolism in hospitalised adult patients: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2021;11:e045672. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045672
Horner D, Rex S, Reynard C, et al. Accuracy of efficient data methods to determine the incidence of hospital-acquired thrombosis and major bleeding in medical and surgical inpatients: a multicentre observational cohort study in four UK hospitals. BMJ Open 2023;13:e069244. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069244
Davis S, Goodacre S, Horner D et al. Decision-analysis modelling of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis for surgical inpatients using variable risk assessment models or other strategies. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 2023;21:1580-91.
Davis S, Goodacre S, Horner D et al. Effectiveness and cost effectiveness of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis for medical inpatients: decision analysis modelling study. BMJ Medicine 2024;3:e000408. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjmed-2022-000408
Acknowledging the use of patient data
This work uses data provided by patients and collected by the NHS as part of their care and support. Using patient data is vital to improve health and care for everyone. There is huge potential to make better use of information from people’s patient records, to understand more about disease, develop new treatments, monitor safety and plan NHS services. Patient data should be kept safe and secure, to protect everyone’s privacy, and it is important that there are safeguards to make sure that they are stored and used responsibly. Everyone should be able to find out about how patient data are used. #datasaveslives You can find out more about the background to this citation here: https://understandingpatientdata.org.uk/data-citation.
Data-sharing statement
All data requests regarding primary research within this project should be submitted to ctru@sheffield.ac.uk for consideration. Access to anonymised data may be granted following review. Requests for access to data regarding secondary research within this project should be addressed to the corresponding author or to the data custodian (if known).
Ethics statement
Full HRA and ethical approval was granted for the Venous ThromboEmbolism Assessment Methods (VTEAM) study (Rec Ref: 19/LO/1303). The protocol for the full study is available online. Completed EQUATOR checklists have been submitted for each chapter as relevant.
Department of Health and Social Care disclaimer
This publication presents independent research commissioned by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR). The views and opinions expressed by authors in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the NHS, the NIHR, MRC, NIHR Coordinating Centre, the HTA programme or the Department of Health and Social Care.
This monograph was published based on current knowledge at the time and date of publication. NIHR is committed to being inclusive and will continually monitor best practice and guidance in relation to terminology and language to ensure that we remain relevant to our stakeholders.
Disclaimers
This manuscript presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR). The views and opinions expressed by authors in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the NHS, the NIHR, the HTA programme or the Department of Health and Social Care. If there are verbatim quotations included in this publication the views and opinions expressed by the interviewees are those of the interviewees and do not necessarily reflect those of the authors, those of the NHS, the NIHR, the HTA programme or the Department of Health and Social Care.