Ancillary analyses | Exploring the uptake and use of electronic cigarettes provided to smokers accessing homeless centres: a four-centre cluster feasibility trial

Exploring the uptake and use of electronic cigarettes provided to smokers accessing homeless centres: a four-centre cluster feasibility trial · Ancillary analyses

Ancillary analyses

Substance use and mental illness scores were collected at each follow-up point. The mean (SD) scores for the mental health and substance use measures for those participants who were retained in the study through to the 24-week follow-up are presented in Table 11. GAD-7 anxiety and PHQ-9 depression scores significantly declined steadily from baseline to the 24-week follow-up, although no causal association can be assumed. A similar decline in alcohol use as measured by the AUDIT scores was also evident; however, substance use as measured by the SDS remained stable.

TABLE 11 Mental health and substance use tables including only the sample of participants who were retained in the study to 24 weeks

Outcome measure	Trial arm		Total	p-value
Outcome measure	EC	UC	Total	p-value
GAD-7
Participants, n	27	10	37	Main effect time = 0.02; main effect group < 0.01
Time point, mean (SD)
Baseline	8.48 (6.81)	14.40 (5.36)	10.08 (6.91)
4 weeks	7.15 (6.38)	14.40 (5.02)	9.11 (6.81)
12 weeks	6.44 (6.54)	13.20 (6.49)	8.27 (7.12)
24 weeks	5.63 (6.34)	12.70 (4.42)	7.54 (6.64)
PHQ-9
Participants, n	25	11	36	Main effect time = 0.02
Time point, mean (SD)
Baseline	10.76 (8.34)	13.27 (8.17)	11.53 (8.26)
4 weeks	9.08 (7.76)	13.82 (6.46)	10.53 (7.62)
12 weeks	8.36 (7.53)	13.45 (8.37)	9.92 (8.03)
24 weeks	7.12 (7.22)	10.82 (7.23)	8.25 (7.38)
AUDIT
Participants, n	24	11	35	Main effect time = 0.03
Time point, mean (SD)
Baseline	11.83 (12.15)	7.91 (8.08)	10.60 (11.07)
4 weeks	9.08 (9.76)	5.18 (8.48)	7.86 (9.34)
12 weeks	10.29 (10.37)	4.82 (7.15)	8.57 (9.72)
24 weeks	8.92 (8.83)	6.00 (7.64)	8.00 (8.47)
SDS
Participants, n	27	10	37	No statistically significant effects
Time point, mean (SD)
Baseline	3.15 (4.33)	5.50 (6.52)	3.81 (5.05)
4 weeks	2.81 (4.51)	4.20 (4.49)	3.19 (4.48)
12 weeks	3.35 (4.05)	4.90 (4.41)	3.78 (4.15)
24 weeks	3.23 (4.46)	5.20 (3.82)	3.78 (4.33)

Attribution. Sharon Cox; Allison Ford; Jinshuo Li; Catherine Best; Allan Tyler; Deborah J Robson et al. (2021). Exploring the uptake and use of electronic cigarettes provided to smokers accessing homeless centres: a four-centre cluster feasibility trial. NIHR Journals Library. Copyright © Queen’s Printer and Controller of HMSO 2021. This work was produced by Cox et al. under the terms of a commissioning contract issued by the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care. This issue may be freely reproduced for the purposes of private research and study and extracts (or indeed, the full report) may be included in professional journals provided that suitable acknowledgement is made and the reproduction is not associated with any form of advertising. Applications for commercial reproduction should be addressed to: NIHR Journals Library, National Institute for Health Research, Evaluation, Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre, Alpha House, University of Southampton Science Park, Southampton SO16 7NS, UK. Licensed under CC BY 4.0. NCBI Bookshelf NBK570404. CC BY 4.0. Original source ↗. Text reproduced from the Bookshelf XML without changing wording; figures, images and supplements are not reproduced.