XU ILLUSTRATIONS Fig. 23. Head of Long-tongued Bat, showing protrusile tongue 49 Fig. 24. A. Tail of Sheath-tailed Bat ; top view B. Head of Slit-faced Bat C. Head of False Vampire Bat D. Head of Horseshoe Bat E. Head of Leaf-nosed Bat 52 Fig. 25. A. Wing of Bent-winged Bat B. Head of Tube-nosed Insectivorous Bat C. Head of Australian Long-eared Bat D. Ear of Trumpet-eared Bat E. Head of Mastiff Bat 60 Fig. 26. Orang-utan 64 Fig. 27. White-handed Gibbon ! 65 Fig. 28. Celebes Ape 69 Fig. 29. Thomas's Leaf Monkey 70 Fig. 30. Proboscis Monkey 76 Fig. 31. Slow Loris 77 Fig. 32. Tarsier 78 Fig. 33. Malay Bear 80 Fig. 34. Yellow-throated Marten 81 Fig. 35. Teledu 83 Fig. 36. Malay Civet 87 Fig. 37. Little Civet 88 Fig. 38. Linsang 89 Fig. 39. Palm Civet 90 Fig. 40. Masked Palm Civet 91 Fig. 41. Small-toothed Palm Civet 92 Fig. 42. Short-tailed Mongoose 94 Fig. 43. Clouded Leopard 96 Fig. 44. Marbled Cat 97 Fig. 46. Leopard Cat 99
ILLUSTRATIONS Xlll Fig. 46. Steller's Sea Lion 101 Fig. 47. Hawaiian Seal 106 Fig. 48. Pangolin 107 Fig. 49. Upper Right Cheek-teeth of Rice Rat, Black Rat, and Vole 108 Fig. 50. Asiatic Porcupine 122 Fig. 51. Brush-tailed Porcupine 123 Fig. 52. Hump-backed Whale 129 Fig. 53. Sperm Whale 130 Fig. 54. Common Dolphin 135 Fig. 55. Dugong 136 Fig. 56. Asiatic Elephant 138 Fig. 57. Asiatic Water Buffalo 140 Fig. 58. Tamarau 141 Fig. 59. Anoa 142 Fig. 60. Serow 143 Fig. 61. Sambar Deer 145 Fig. 62. Sika Deer 147 Fig. 63. Barking Deer 148 Fig. 64. Mouse Deer 150 Fig. 65. Babirusa 151 Fig. 66. Javan Rhinoceros 152 Fig. 67. Sumatran Rhinoceros 152 Fig. 68. Malay Tapir 153 Fig. 69. Faunal Regions of the World, showing probable greatest extent of land during the Ice Age 165 Front end paper: The Pacific Ocean and the East Indies Jacket photograph, Courtesy of The Zoological Society of Philadelphia
.:<^ Introduction ^^ Since the beginning of the Japanese war relatively enormous numbers of men and some women who never before dreamed of visiting the islands of the Pacific and the East Indies have found themselves transported thither. Everything about them there is new and strange. Not only do the various natives look and behave differently, but even the locally commonplace garden plants, useful woods, birds, animals, and insects look, sound, and act differently from the familiar kinds at home. This book, designed to introduce the mammals of this vast area to the newcomer, has been written as one of the parts of a series of handbooks on the Pacific, in course of preparation. The animals are described as concisely as possible under their respective classes. Technical words have been generally avoided ; in some cases the use of such words serves to prevent frequent repetition of explanatory clauses. The meanings of those words are defined in a short glossary placed before the geographical index.
So many geographical names have been given when indicating the places where animals are found that a map has been included to assist the reader to locate such names. A discussion of the ancient history of the region from the standpoint of animal development and movement — how animals reached islands from their continental homes, how they survived after arrival, and the character of the evidence for such histories— is provided with the hope that interest in the subject may be aroused.
A few words are offered on each of the seemingly but not really contradictory subjects of conserving native animals and collecting specimens of them for scientific study. XV
XVI INTRODUCTION The last part of this book is devoted to a geographical index arranged alphabetically. By turning to a certain group of islands, the reader can see at a glance what species of animals inhabit that group.
The illustrations of the various mammals were drawn by George F. Mason of the American Museum of Natural History. Several of the figures showing teeth and limbs are the work of Miss Janet Roemhild ; the map was done by Miss D. F. Levett Bradley. It was based, with the exception of the insert of the Aleutian Islands, upon a projection prepared by the American Geographical Society, New York, 1942.
The authors wish to express their deep sense of gratitude to two members of the staff of the American Museum of Natural History — Dr. H. E. Anthony, Chairman of the Department of Mammals, and Mr. Childs Frick — for their unfailing interest and valued advice during the preparation of this book.
MAMMALS OF THE PACIFIC WORLD