CATALOGUE OFTHE BATRACHIA GRADIENTIA S. CAUDATA AND BATRACHIA APODA IN THE COLLECTION OFTHE BRITISH MUSEUM. SECOND EDITION, BY GEORGE ALBERT BOULENGER. Py LONDON: PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES. 1882.
ZCORNELLN UNIVERSITY \ LIBRARY | PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET,
PREFACE, Taz present volume completes the Second Edition of the Catalogue of Batrachians, and if compared with the first edition (prepared by my predecessor nearly thirty years ago) will afford another proof that the collection in the British Museum has held pace with the progress made by science in the intervening period. Like the first volume of this edition, which was published at the beginning of this year, it has been prepared by Mr.G. A. Boulenger, who, in the meantime, has entered the permanent service of the Trustees.
Our knowledge of the various forms of Tailed and Limbless Batrachians may be considered to be as complete as that of any other order of the Animal Kingdom: possibly Central Asia may yield a certain number of additional species of Newts, and Tropical Africa some hitherto unknown Ceecilias; but we can hardly anticipate that such new discoveries will be fundamentally distinct from the forms with which we are acquainted at present, or lead to modifications of the general results embodied in the summary of the geographical distribution of the entire class of Batrachians which accompanies this volume.
ALBERT GUNTHER, Keeper of the Department of Zoology.
BritishMuseum, November26,1882.
INTRODUCTION.
Tus volume contains descriptions of, or references to, all the species known at present of the Orders Caudata and Apoda. The latest general accounts of these animals are contained in J.E. Gray’s first edition of this Catalogue, published in 1850, and in vol. ix. of Duméril and Bibron’s ‘Erpétologie générale’ (1854). The numbers of species enumerated in these two works were 63 and 58 respectively, which must be greatly reduced when we omit synonyms. 101 species are described in the present work, four fifths of which are known to the author from autoptical examination *. The number of species in the British-Museum collection amounts to 78, and that of specimens to 1021. The number of species in the collection in 1850 was 38.
The Apoda have been quite recently (1879) reinvestigated by Professor Peters; he enumerates 31 species, of which 17 were known to him from direct examination. Duméril and Bibron’s (vol. viii. 1842) and Gray’s (1850) works contained descriptions of 8 and 9 species respectively. The present work contains diagnoses of 32 species, 19 of which are represented in the national collection, the number of specimens being 116. The collection contained only 5 species in 1850."
* With the exception of five, the species of Tailed Batrachians not examined bytheauthorhavebeendescribedbyAmericanHerpetologists.
vi INTRODUCTION.
A summary of the principal facts of the geographical distribution of Batrachians generally is appended to this volume. The author begs to express his thanks to the following gentlemen who have kindly placed at his disposal specimens from the collections under their charge :—Professor Vaillant (Muséum @’Histoire naturelle, Paris), M. Dupont (Musée Royale d’Histoire naturelle, Brussels), Dr. Boettger (of the Senckenberg Museum), Professor Schneider (Zoologisches Museum, Breslau). M. Lataste, of Paris, has again given’him free access to his important private collection. As far as possible, the colour is described from life. The measurements are given from the largest specimen in the collection. As in the preceding volume, the affixes to the names of donors &c, may be explained as follows:—‘‘[P.]” signifies “ Presented by”; “[C.]”=“Collected by”; “[E.]”=“ Obtained by exchange.” G, A. BOULENGER.
British Museum, Nov.25,1882.
SYSTEMATIC INDEX, Class BATRACHIA.
Order I. CAUDATA.
Fam. 1. SanaManpDRIDm.
Subfam. A. Salamandrine. Page +1. Salamandra, Laur. ........ 3 1. maculosa, Zaur......... 3 2. atva, Laur. oo... cece 4 3. caucasica, Waga........ 5 2. Chioglossa, Bocage........ 5 1. lusitanica, Boc. ........ 5 +3. Molge, Merr. ........ 0... 6 1. cristata, Zaur........... 8 longipes, Strauch ...... 10 2. blasii, de l’Isle... 0.2.2... 10 3. marmorata, Zatr. ...... 11 4, alpestris, Laur. ........ 12 5. vittata, Gray ........45 13 6. vulgaris, Z............. 14 7. palmata, Schn. ........ 16 8. montandonii, Blgr....... 17 9. hoses, Lataste ........ 18 10. pyrrhogastra, Boie...... 19 * 11. sinensis, Gray .......... 20 12. torosa, Lschsch. ........ 20 18. viridescens, Raf......... 21 14. montana, Savi.......... 23 15. rusconii, Gené.......... 24 16, aspera, Dugds .......... 24 17. poireti, Gerv. ........4. 25 18. hagenmuelleri, Zataste .. 26 19. waltlii, Michah. ........ 27 4, Salamandrina, Fitz, ...... 28 1. perspicillata, Savt ...... 28 5. Mylototritemn, Anders. ...... 29 1. verrucosus, And.,....... 29 6, Pachytriton, Blgr. ........ 30 1. brevipes, Sawvg......... 30 Subfam. B. Amblystomatine. 7. Hynobius, Tschudi ........ 31 1. neevius, Schleg. ........ 32 2. nebulosus, Sehleg. ...... 32 3. peropus, Blgr.... 1.6.65 33 8. Salmandrella, Dyb......... 34 1, keyserlingii, Dyb. ...... 34 2, wosnessenskyi, Strauch .. 34 9. Onychodactylus, Tschudi... 35 1, japonicus, Houtt. ...... 10. Ranidens, Kessler .....-... 36 1. sibiricus, Kessl. ........ 36 11. Batrachyperus, Bigr. . 87 1. sinensis, Sawvg. ........ 37 12, Dicamptodon, Strauch .... 88 1. ensatus, Eschsch. ...... 38 413. Amblystoma, Tschudi .... 88 1. talpoideum, Holor....... 40 2. opacum, Gravh. ........ 40 ++ 3. punctatum, Z........... 41 4. conspersum, Cope ...... 42 5. bicolor, Hallow. ........ 42 +6. tigrinum, Green ........ 43 7, xiphias, Cope .......... 45 8. trisruptum, Cope........ 45 ~{-9. jeffersonianum, Green.... 46 10. persimile, Gray ........ 47 11. macrodactylum, Baird .. 48 12. paroticum, Baird ...... 48 13. aterrimum, Cope ........ 49 14. tenebrosum, B.§ G..... 49 15. texanum, Matthes ...... 50 16. cingulatum, Cope’ ...... 50 par microstomum, Cope 50 brevicauda, Wied ...... 38 maculata, Wied ........ 38 melanoleuca, Wied...... 38 Axolotes maculata, Owen .. 51 Subfam. C. Plethodontine. +14. Anaides, Baird .......... 52 +1. lugubris, Hallow. ...... 52 ] 2. ferreus, Cope .......... 53 115. Plethodon, Tschudi .’..... 58 1. oregonensis, Gw.,....... 54 2. platensis, Espada ...... 55 3. croceater, Cope’ ........ 55 4, flavipunctatus, Strauch .. 55 5. glutinosus, Green ...... 56 6. intermedius, Baird...... 57 . erythronotus, Green .... 57 16. Batrachoseps, Bonap. .... 58 +1. scutatus, Schleg. ........ 59 2. pacificus, Cope.......... 59 3. nigriventris, Cope ...... 60 +4, attenuatus, Eschsch. .... 60
Vili SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page Page +17. Spelerpes, me Snanenni 60 Fam, 4, SrRENID#. 41. ruber, Daud. .......... 62 HI, Siren, Le...s. sees eee ees 86 2. Pmarginatus, Hallow..... 64 | +1. lacertina, Z.........++ 87 48. porpeyaaens Green .... 6449, Pseudobranchus, Gray .... 87 4. longicauda, Green ...... 64 1. striatus, Leconte ...... 87 . guttolineatus, Holby. .... a . bilineatus, Green. .......
7. multiplicatus, Cope...... 67 Order TI, APODA. 8. chiropterus, Cope........ 67 Fam. 1. Cacruip2 9. cephalicus, Cope ........ 67 meas ; 10. leprosus, Cope ..... 2... 6g | 1. Ichthyophis, Fitz,........ 89 11. belli, Gray... ....0.00- 68 1. glutinosus, DZ. ........ 89 19. faseua ee 69 2. monochrous, Blkr. . 91 13. morio, Cope... . 0.6.00 70 | 2. Ureeotyphlus, Pirs. ...... 91 14, adspersus, Pirs. ........ 70 1. oxyurus, D. § B. ...... a2 15. rufescens, Cope ........ 71 2. malabaricus, Bedd. .... 92 16. altamazonicus, Cope .... 71 3. africanus, Bigr......... 92 17. yucatanicus, Blgr. ...... 79, | 3. Coecilia, Z..........0.04. 93 18, infuscatus, Pirs......... 72 1, tentaculata, Z. ........ 93 19. variegatus, Gray........ 73 2. isthmica, Cope ........ 94 20. parvipes, Pirs. ........ 74 3. ochrocephala, Cope .... 94 21. lineolus, Cope .......... 74 4, polyzona, Fisch, ...... 94 22, uniformis, Keferst....... ye | —Oxpachynems, Cir ooas. o6 haldemani, Hollr. ...... 60 6. gracilis, Z...........4. 95 4-18, Manculus, Cope .......... 76 | 4. Hypogeophis, Pirs. ...... 96 “1. quadridigitatus, Holbr. .. 75 1. rostratus, Cuv. ........ 96 2. remifer, Cope .........5 76 2, guentheri, Bir. ...... 96 ; 3, seraphini, 4. Dum. .... 97 Subfam. D. Desmognathine. 5. as es $B tees 2 +19, Desmognathus, Baird .... 77 ee eee +1. achren bien, Cope SA neath 77 : See cata be +2, fuscus, Raf............. 77 Bh ieee age es = 3. niger Green... sss. 79 4, Pbrasilionsis, RG, .. 99 20. Thorius, Cope............ Ta) pe ren UDB ni ze Y fo & ROAARRNEy UPC wae ee rears 1. pennatulus, Cope........ 79 6. Gymnopis, Por ee onigeeal 99 1. multiplicata, Pirs. 100 Fam. 2. AMPHIUMID2. 2. unicolor, .A. Dum. 100 +1, Megalobatrachus, Tschudi... 80 | | 3.Poligozona, Cope ...... 100 1, maximus, Schley. pe reateeen 80 | 7. Herpele,. 0 2 ee eee 100 +2. Cryptobreontins, Leuck..... 81 1. squalostoma, Stutchd. .. 101 --l. alleghaniensis, Daud..... 81 8. Gegenophis, Pérs......... 101 fuscus, Holbr. .......... 82 1. carnosus, Bedd......... 101 +8. Amphiuma, Gard. ........ 82 | 9. Siphonops, Wagl, ........ 101 1, tridactyla, Cuv. ........ 82 1. annulatus, Mik. ...... 102 , means, Gard. .......... 83 | 10. Typhlonectes, Pirs....... 102 : 1. compressicauda, D. & B, 102 Fite @. Beorein ae u pohiapege sabarete sens in 7 . natans, Fisch. ........
‘dr, Necturus, Raf. .......... 84 Si honops syntremus, Cope 103 1. maculatus, Raf. ........ 84] 11, Ghihonsrpeton, Ptrs..... 104 +2. Pmies, LAU 6 ina s snes 848 85 1. indistinctum, BR. § L. .. 104 ¥1. anguinus, Laur... ...... 85 2, petersii, Blgr. ........ 104