ORIENTAL CICADIDM. 99 small spot on each side and a sublateral and somewhat indistinct black fascia ; a black spot in front of each anterior angle of the basal cruciform elevation. Abdomen above with the posterior segmental margins black. Body beneath thickly clothed with greyish pile ; face with a central black fascia. Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, the venation very dark olivaceous or brown ; tegmina with the costalmembraneolivaceous.
Long. excl. tegm. ? , 28 millim. Exp. tegm. 82 millim.
Hab. — Malayan Archipelago : Borneo, Elopura (Pryer — coll. Dist.).
1'2. Cicada flammata, n. sp. (Tab. XIII., fig. 15, a, h.)
$ . Head, mesonotum and abdomen black, the pronotum reddish-ochraceous. Head with a spot at base and apex of front, a spot at anterior angles of vertex and a spot beliind eyes reddish-ochraceous ; eyes ochraceous. Pronotum with two slender central black fasciae, narrowed, angulated and joined posteriorly ; inner edge of lateral and posterior margins, outer edge of posterior margin and edge at lateral angles, black. Mesonotum with two central obconical spots, the margins of which are reddishochraceous ; the cruciform elevation (excepting centre and angular apices) also reddish-ochraceous. Abdomen with faint traces of a double longitudinal series of white pilose spots. Body beneath dark castaneous, the sternum thickly clothed with greyish-white pile ; space between eyes and face black, enclosing an ochraceous spot on anterior margin; legs ochraceous.
Tegmina and wings hyaline, the venation ochraceous and fuscous. Tegmina with the base — not extending beyond basal cell — ochraceous, a black linear streak extending along inner edge of costal membrane, which is ochraceous ; transverse veins at the bases of the second and third apical areas, and sometimes the interior of the upper apical area, infuscated; wings with the base narrowly ochraceous, and with an inner and an outer claval ochraceous streak.
Long. excl. tegm. 5 , 40 millim. Exp. tegm. 120 millim.
Hab. — Japan : Yesso and Tokoe (coll. Dist.).
One mutilated male and two female specimens of this species have been examined, the male, unfortunately, with its opcrcula extracted, and consequently the females alone have been described.
C. fiammata is allied to G. leechi, Dist., and C. bihamata, Motsch.
Species oiUj laiuirn to the icriter hi/ description.
13. Cicada semperi.
Cicada{(Itremistira)sempen.Still,Ofs'.Vet.-Ak.Fiirli.1S70.p.715,n.8.
" Superne croceo nigroque variegata, subtus olivaceo-davescens, dorso abdominis nigro, griseo sericeo, in dorso et lateribus segmentorum iutermediorum griseo-ferrugineo-sericeo ; tegminibus alisque vitreis, venis olivaceo-flavescentibus, apicem versus fuscis, areola basali extus olivaceo-flavescente." " ? . Long. 39, lat. 17, exp. tegm. 138 mill."
" Prsecedentibus (C. tagalica, Stal) multo major, tborace anterius latiore, ibidem capiti itquali differt. Caput nigrum, lituris nonuullis verticis prope ocellos, maculis duabus maguis apicalibus jugorum, basi vittaque media percurrente frontis, apice genarum, basi lororum vittaquc clypei croceis ; rugis transversis medio interruptis calloque oblongo subbasali Isevi distinctis. Thorax ante augulos laterales paullo angustatus, lateribus anterius parallelis, impressione laterali anteriore distinctissima ; croceus vittis imprcssionum margincque onnii disci nigris. Scutellum croceum, maculis obtriangularibns e basi emissis quattuor lituraque magna discoidali litteram T reversam (x) simulante nigris, maculis lateralibus ferrugineo-vittatis. Pedes posteriores ferrugiuei, femoribus subtus uigricantibus. Femora antica olivaceo-
100 ORIENTAL CICADID^.
flavescentia, subtus nigra, utrimque nigro-vittata, spinis duabus magnis denticuloque subapicali armata. Tibiae anticse et tarsi nigri, tarsi posterioi-es i^rope apicem ferruginei. Ramus primus ulnaris sequae longe a basi venae ulnaris ipsius ac a ramo ulnari secundo remotus. Areae ulnaris interior apicem versus sensim distincte nonnibil amj^liata. Segmentum ventrale primum in medio, margo apicalis segmentorum intermedioruminmediomaculaequediscoidalessegmentisextinigrae."
Hab. — Malayan Archipelago: Pbilippine Isles (Semper — Stockh. Mus.). APPENDIX TO THE SUBFAMILY CICADIN^.
The following undescribed species of Cicadinse have been received since this work was commenced, and are here included : — Genus ANGAMIANA.
Angamiana, Distant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. v. p. 234 (1890). Body robust and elongate, broad and somewbat flattened. Head small, including eyes mucb narrower than pronotum, and narrower than base of mesonotum ; ocelli mucb wider apart from eyes than from each other; face convex, slightly prominent above. Pronotum with the lateral and posterior margins very broad, the lateral margins strongly ampliated and obscurely angulated. Anterior femora distinctly and robustly spined. Tympana covered ; opercula broad, obtusely angulated, not reaching the middle of the abdomen. Tegmina with the apical third more or less reticulately veined, the apical areas numerous, generally twelve or thirteen in number.
This genus, founded on specimens recently collected by Mr. William Doherty in the Naga Hills, is allied to Polyneura, from which it differs by the much narrower head, the semihyaline and not opaque tegmina, and the different reticulation in the venation of same ; the pronotal margins and the size of the opercula, are also distinctive characters. Its natural position in the Cicadiiue is between Fohjncura and the Australian genus Cydochila. 1. Angamiana aetherea. (Tab. XIIL, fig. 1, a, b.)
Angamiana atlierea, Distant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. 5, p. 235 (1890). Body black ; eyes castaneous ; anterior, lateral, and posterior margins of pronotum (the first narrowly), and an abbreviated, central, narrow, longitudinal fascia to same, posterior margin of metanotum, head beneath (excluding face), sternum and opercula pale greenish-ochraceous ; legs and rostrum black. Body more or less clothed with greyish pile, especially at the lateral margins of the mesonotum and the baseandsegmentalmarginsoftheabdomen.
Tegmina semihyaline and of a pale shining bronzy hue, the venation darker and either ochraceous or greenish, the costal membrane pale greenish; the extreme base and the veins enclosing the postcostal area black ; the veins enclosing the two uppermost apical areas, the terminal vein of the lower ulnar area, and the outer margin dark bronzy. Wings pale bluish-green, becoming pale bronzy towards apex, the outer margindarkbronzy.
The opercula are broad and divergent, their outer margins convex, their inner margins oblique, their apices obtusely angulated and not reaching the middle of the abdomen. The rostrum about reaches the posterior coxae.
Long. excl. tegm. 3^ , 46 ; 2 , 40 to 42 millim. Exp. tegm. <? & 2 , 124 to 132 millim. Hab. — Continental India: Naga Hills (Doherty— coll. Dist.).
ORIENTAL CICADIDM, 101 Genus LEPTOPSALTRIA {ante, p. 31).
15. Leptopsaltria morrisi, ii. sp.
S . Body above ochraceous. Head with the margins of front — excepting apex — anterior angles f)f vertex, and reticulated markings covering the whole disk of vertex, which enclose ocelli, form an irrogularljhollow circular spot before the eyes, and emit two longitudinal central lines from ocelli to base, black. Pronotum with two central longitudinal linear fasciae—widened anteriorly and angulated posteriorly—and the furrows blackish. Mesonotum with a central longitudinal fascia, on each side of which anteriorly is a short oblique fascia, a large and wide irregularly-curved submarginal fascia, the anterior angles of the cruciform elevation, and a spot in front of each of the same, black. Abdomen, with the posterior margins of the segments, the last segment and anal appendage — both above and beneath — and an obscure marginal row of spots on each side, blackish. Body beneath and legs very pale ochraceous ; an obUque fascia between face and eyes, transverse linear fasciae to face, broken by a longitudinal line at centre,— a spot on each side of base of rostrum, under surface and spines of anterior femora, sternal spots, a transverse central fascia at base of abdomen and abdominal tubercles, black. Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, the venation ochraceous and black ; the first, with costal membrane and a spot at costal basal angle of upper ulnar area, pale ochraceous ; the transverse veins at bases of second and third apical areas infuscated, and a series of very faint fuscous marginal spots at apices of longitudinal veins to apical areas.
The rostrum reaches the latitude of the first pair of abdominal tubercles ; the opercula are very wide apart, small, and somewhat irregularly rectangular in shape.
Long. excl. tegm. $ , 19 millim. Exp. tegm. 55 millim.
Hab.— Continental India: Madras Province, Shivarai Hills (A. W. Morris— coll. Dist.). This distinct species is easily recognised by the abdominal markings.
Genus COSMOPSALTEIA (ante, p. 43).
51. Cosmopsaltria feae.
^ . Body above brownish ochraceous and moderately pilose. Head with a central spot at apex of front, and the anterior angles of the vertex ochraceous. Pronotum with the anterior margin, — narrowly, — a narrow central longitudinal fascia, and the posterior and lateral margms, broadly ochraceous ; extreme hinder margin narrowly black. Mesonotum with two obscure obconical spots at anterior margin, outwardly and narrowly margined with blackish, and a large obscure marginal fascia on each side pale castaneous ; the crucifomi elevation ochraceous. Body beneath and legs pale ochraceous ; the face brownish ochraceous ; the anterior and intermediate tibia? and tarsi black, the tibia; streaked with ochraceous. Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, the venation ochraceous and blackish, mostly blackish ; tegmina with the costal membrane ochraceous, with a central black line ; postcostal area ochraceous ; extreme base narrowly ochraceous ; venation of basal cell black at posterior margin, remainder ochraceous. Opercula almost reaching the apex of abdomen, moderately convex on each side and at apex, concave oneachsidenearbase.
Long. excl. tegm. <? , 45 millim. Exp. tegm. 122 millim.
Hab.— Burma : Carin, Asciuii Ghecu, 1400—1500 m. (Fea— Genoa Mus.).
This species is allied to C. jacoona, Dist. {ante, p. 47, t. v. f. 3, a, b), from which it principally differs by the length of the opercula with their broader and more convex apices ; the markings of the head and pronotum arc also different.
2d
102 ORIENTAL CICABIDM.
52. Cosmopsaltria ficulnea, n. sp.
<? . Head, pronotum and mesonotum ochraceous, tinged with greenish; abdomen pale castaneous; upper surface finely pilose. Pronotum, with a narrow anterior margin and two angulated spots on posterior margin, castaneous ; extreme hinder margin narrowly blackish ; anterior area of lateral margins castaneous. Mesonotum with a large, central, castaneous angulated spot, commencing at cruciform elevation and extending to anterior margin, two obconical spots on anterior margin, and the lateral areas, olivaceous ; cruciform elevation ochraceous, with a white tomentose spot on each side. Abdomen with two discal white tomentose spots on the third abdominal segment; the hind margins of the first three segments blackish, margins of remaining segments finely ochraceously pilose ; tympana pale olivaceous. Body beneath and legs pale ochraceous, the tibiae and tarsi somewhat darker in hue ; lateral margins of abdomen somewhatwhitelytomentose.
Tegmina and wings hyaline, the venation ochraceous and fuscous ; tegmina with the basal cell and costal membrane ochraceous ; the transverse veins at the bases of the second, third, fourth, fifth and seventh apical areas somewhat broadly infuscated ; a marginal row of fuscous spots situate on the apices of the longitudinal veins to apical areas ; and a somewhat indistinct, pale fuscous, linear, longitudinal fascia to the apical areas ; lower basal area pale fuscous.
The opercula are broad, concave near base, and then broadly and outwardly lobately convex, the apices narrowed, angulated and curved outwardly, extending to near posterior margin of the fourth abdominal segment, their inner margins somewhat regularly convex.
Long. excl. tegm. 3- , 54 millim. Exp. tegm. 134 millim.
Hab. — Burma: Cariu Ghecu, 1300 to 1400 m. (Fea — Genoa Mus.) ; Karen Hills (Doherty— coll.Dist.)
This fine species is most nearly allied to C. saturata {ante, p. 54, t. v. f. 17, a, b), from v^rhich it structm-ally differs by the opercula being more outwardly convex and forming a distinct lobe before apes ; the body is also much longer, and the markings of the pronotum totally different.
Genus POMPONIA {ante, p. 68).
25. Pomponia japonensis, n. sp.
<? . Very closely resembling P. fusca {ante, p. 70, t. vii. f. 10, a, h), but differing by the opercula being widely divided, and not meeting as in Olivier's species ; the rostrum also only reaches the posterior coxse, and does not extend to the basal segment of the abdomen as in P. fusca. Long. excl. tegm. a" , 36 millim. Exp. tegm. 88 to 92 millim.
Hab.— Japan: (Pryer— coll. Dist.) ; Tokoe (coll. Dist.).
Since writing the description of P. fusca {ante, p. 70), where Japan was included as a habitat of the species, I have obtained a fair series from that locality, and find them all constant in the characters described above, which I had previously overlooked. P. fusca evidently belongs to Continental India, the Malay Peninsula, and Malayan Archipelago, but in Japan is replaced by P. japonensis.
Synonymy.
7. Pomponia ransonetti {ante, p. 72, t. vii. f. 20, a, h).
Pom})onia Greeni, Eirby, Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool. vol. xsiv. p. 129 (1891). Mr. Kirby was evidently unacquainted with my species, when he re-described it as above, under another name.
ORIENTAL CICADID.E. 103 Siibfam. TIBICENINiE.
In this subfamily I am now able to inchule twenty Oriental genera, but more doubtless remain to be discovered in the particularly rich Cicadan fauna here studied. In the following Synoi)sis of Genera the salient characters liave been sought ; but all such " keys " are imperfect, and Nature does not readily lend herself to such a method of interpretation. The Synopsis is therefore only a contribution '^ pour servir," and is strictly limited to the genera under consideration ; if a larger field were examined the analytical treatment would have to be altered. In the sequence of genera it must also be remembered that the method here pursued is artilicial, and in no sense guided by those evolutionary principles which alone give reason to classification. But this is not the choice of the writer, who has only dried mature specific forms before him, and can but endeavour to produce some kind of order out of the chaos of a large but neglected family of insects. SYNOPSIS OF GENEEA.
1. Tegmiiia and wings opaquely coloured. ...... 2. Tegmina more or less opaquely coloured ; wings more or less transparent, sometimes pale hyaline.
a. Apical areas to tegmina numerous, venation reticulate. .... tui. Generally ten, sometimes only nine, apical areas to tegmina. aaa. Generally' eight, sometimes nine and even ten, ajjical areas to tegmina. b. Head normal, not conically produced in front. e. Head with the face longitudinally sulcated. ..... cc. Head with the face not sulcated. ...... lb. Head conically produced in front. ....... 3. Tegmina and wings almost completely hyaline. d. Opercula large, convex and inflated, projecting beyond the lateral margins of the abdomen. ........
dd. Opercula of ordinary structure.
e. Head rectangularly produced in front of inner margin of the eyes. ee. Head convexly and globosely produced in front of inner margin of the eyes eee. Head not rectangularly or convexly produced in front of inner margin of the eyes.
/. Basal cruciform elevation to mesonotum much narrowed Xf'. Basal cruciform elevation to mesonotum of ordinary structure. g. Ulnar veins to tegmina well separated and distant at their origin from endofbasalcell.
/(. Tympanal coverings practically absent. .... hh. Tympanal coverings rudimentary.
i. Basal cell of tegmina short, not twice as broad as long. ii. Basal cell of tegmina about twice as broad as long. k. Interior ulnar area of tegmina a little wider at apex than at base. kk. Interior ulnar area of tegmina not wider at apex than at base. I.Secondandthirdventralsegmentsinmalewithlateraltubercles. II. Second and third ventral segments in male without tubercles. {tg. Ulnar veins to tegmina united at their origin from end of basal cell. - III. Abdomen more or less inflated in the male sex. (/;///. Ulnar veins to tegmina well separated and distant at their origin from endofbasalcell.
n. Eight apical areas to tegmina.
o. Head conically produced in front. p. Venation of tegmina normal. ...... pp. Tegmina with an additional transverse rudimentary vein. 00. Head not conically produced in front. . . - . nil. Eleven apical areas to tegmina. ...... G-EANA.
t.vlainga.
Graptotettei.
HlECHYS.
SciEROPTERA.
MOGANNIA.
Gymnotympana.
Kamalata.
RCSTIA.
Kabenu.
TiBICEN.
Emathia.
CiCADATRA.
Calcaoxinus.
Terpnosia.
Melampsalta.
Prasia.
Lkmbeja.* B.ETURIA.
ACRILLA.
'IsubstitutethisnameforPerUtoneura,Dist.(Proo.Zool.Soc.1883,p.189),agenerictitlewhichhasbeensinceshown tobepreoccupiedinTrichopterabyMcLachlan(Joxirn.Linn.Soc.Zool.1871,vol.xi.p.119).
104 ORIENTAL CICADWM.
Genus G^ANA.
Gteana, Amyot & Serville, Hist, de Hem. p. 463, n. 362 (1843) ; Stal, Hem. Afr., iv. p. 4 (1866) ; Atkins. J. A. S. Bang. vol. Iv. p. 156 (1886).
Body long and moderately slender in the males, much shorter in the females. Head broad, including eyes, about equal in width to that of mesonotum at base ; ocelli about twice the distance from eyes as from each other ; face somewhat globosely convex, slightly prominent above. Pronotum with the lateral margins neither distinctly ampliated nor toothed. Anterior femora distinctly spined. Tympana considerably exposed, the tympanal covering incomplete and rudimentary. Tegmina opaque, their outer margins convexly rounded ; apical areas, eight ; interior ulnar area a little wider at apex than at base ; wings opaque.
Gceana has considerable resemblance to the genus Toscna, but, apart from the exposed tympana which locates it in the Tibiceniufe, it also differs from Toscna by the non-ampliated and non-spined lateral margins to the pronotum, the more slender body, and the convexly rounded outer margins of the tegmina.
Like Tosena, this genus has also all its species included in our fauna, and although, according to present knowledge, they are focussed in Continental India and Burma, others doubtless remain to be discovered in the Malayan Archipelago.
Gceana is a very variable genus, as the descriptions of the following species will show. 1. Gseana maculata. (Tab. III., figs. 17, a, h.)
Cicada maculata, Drury, Ins. ii. p. 69, t. 37, f. 1 (1773); Oliv. Enc. Meth. vol. v. p. 750, n. 20, t. 112, f. 4 (1790); Germ. Then. Archiv. ii. 2, p. 12 (1830); Silb. Eev. Ent. ii. p. 74, n. 48 (1834); Blanch. Hist. Nat. Ins. iii. p. 165, n. 5, Hem. t. 10, f. 3 (1840).
Tettigonia maculata, Fabr. Syst. Ent. App. p. 831 (1775) ; Sp. Ins. ii. p. 319, n. 8 (1781); Maut. Ins. ii. p. 260, n. 12 (1787) ; Ent. Syst. iv. p. 20, n. 12 (1794) ; Syst. Ebyng. p. 37, n. 18 (1803). Gteana maculata, Amy. et Serv, Hist des Hem. p. 464, n. 1 (1843); Walk. List Hom. i. p. 253, n. 1 (1850); Atkins. .1. A. S. Beng. vol. hii. p. 222, u. 37 (1885).
Body above black; head with a spot between ocelli and eyes, mesonotum with four discal spots, and a spot on lateral margins, a spot on each side of basal cruciform elevation, and the apical segmental margin of the abdomen, ochraceous. Body beneath and legs black ; a spot on each side of face, two small spots on each side of mesosternum, and a small spot near posterior coxje, ochraceous. Tegmina and wings blackish ; tegmina greyish brown towards apex, with five ochraceous spots arranged transversely, two near base and three about centre ; wings with a broad transverse subbasal patch, followed by two contiguous spots near costal margin, ochraceous ; and a series of submarginal greyish brown spots in the apical areas.
The rostrum reaches the posterior coxae ; the opercula are small, and situate widely apart. Long. excl. tegm. <? 35, ? 33 millim. Exp. tegm. <? and 2 , 90 to 102 millim. Hab. — Continental India : Sikkim ; Naga Hills, Khasi Hills, Samagooting, and Dhausiri Valley (Calc. Mus.). China (Bruss. Mus. ; Fenton — coll. Dist.).
Var. a.
Differs from the typical form by having the ochraceous markings to the tegmina and wings replaced by pale greenish, the upper basal spot of tegmina absent, the lower spot replaced by two smaller ones ; both tegmina and wings with a submarginal series of small whitish spots, and a small one of the same colour in each of the two upper ulnar areas.
Hab.— Continental India: Assam; Naga Hills (Chennell — coll. Dist.).
OlilESTAL CICA1>11>/E. lOo Var. consors. (Tab. III., figs. 20, a, h.)
Gaana comura.
White, MS."*' Gaana wacidnta, StiU, Ofv. Vct.-Ak. Forli. 1862, p. 483.
Differs from the typical form of the species by the wings having a much larger basal patch of either ochraccous or pale greenish ; submarginal series of whitish spots to both tegmina and wings as in var. a : both basal spots to tegmina present as in typical forms.
Hab.— Continental India : Sikkim (Calc. Mus.) ; Assam ; Naga and Kasi Hills (Calc. Mus. ; Chennell coll. Dist.); Margherita (Doherty— coll. Dist.). Burma: Carin Ghecii (Fea — Genoa Mus.). This variable species is always constant in the macular markings to the head and pronotum.
2. Gseana stellata. (Tab. III., figs. 15, a, h.)
Ilturhi/s stelhita, Walker, Ins. Saund. Horn. p. 27 (1858) ; Atkins. J. A. S. Beng. vol. Iv. p. 154, n. 22 (1886). ^ . Body marked as in G. macidata ; but with the abdominal segments beneath somewhat liroadly marginedwithochraceous.
Tegmina pale brownish-ochraccous, pale fuscous towards apex, base—including basal cell—blackish ; a transverse series of three large whitish spots at about centre, inwardly margined with a blackish suffusion ; a marginal series of small whitish spots in apical areas, and a similar spot in each of the three upper ulnar areas. "Wings blackish, paler between the veins, with a pale spot at inner basal margin, a small discal ochraceous streak, a series of four or five submarginal whitish spots situate in the apical areas, and with the anal area somewhat greyish margined with fuscous. Therostrumreachestheposteriorcoxje.
Long. excl. tegm. S , 38 millim. Exp. tegm. 98 millim.
Hab.— Continental India : Assam ; Khasi Hills (Chennell— coll. Dist.). Var. a.
5 . Tegmina with the ochraceous markings replaced by a hue of dark cinnamon, and the fuscous shadings nearly black. "Wings jet-black, with the pale markings as in typical form. Hab.— Continental India: Assam; Margherita (Doherty — coll. Dist.). It is quite possible that G. stellata may prove to be another extreme variety of G. maculata, but in the absence of intermediate forms I have treated it here as a distinct species. 3. Gaeana sulphurea. (Tab. III., figs. 22, a, b.)
Cicddd suliihurai, Hope, in Roylc's Illust. Bot. Himal. Introd. p. liv.; t. 10, f. 2 (1839). Cicada pulchella, Westw. Arc. Ent. ii. p. 33, t. 57, f. 1 (1842). Oaana sulphurea, Atkins. J. A. S. Beng. vol. liii. p. 223, n.38 (1885). S. Body above black; lateral margins of vertex of head,— continued to between eyes,— pronotum (excluding the fissures, margins, and a central hour-glass-shaped fascia), four linear spots to mesonotum (sometimes united in pairs), and the margins of anal appendage, reddish-ochraceous. Body beneath and legs black ; a fascia on each side of face, sternal streaks, a spot at base of tegmina, posterior segmental margins,-obliterated centrally,—and the anal appendage, ochraceous. Tegmina and wings sulphureous ; tegmina with the inner margin of costal membrane, a curved and inwardly angulated fascia crossing centre, and the whole apical area,— including the upper ulnar area,— blackish ; costal membrane ochraceous, postcostal area blackish ; wings with the apical area—broadly, and narrowing to anal angle—blackish.
-Walker(List.Horn.i.p.253)referredtotliisnameaspublishedintheProe.Zool.Soc.1850.Thismayhavebeen intended,butwasnotcarriedont,andOieanacontors,White,isaMS.nameonly. 2E
106 ORIENTAL CICADIDM.
Face with a narrow but distinct central sulcation ; the rostrum reaching the posterior coxae. Long. excl. tegm. ^ , 35 to 37 milHm. Exp. tegm. 85 to 92 millim. ^ Hab. — Continental India : Sikkim (Gale. Mus.) ; Nepal (coll. Dist.) ; Darjeeling (Stoekh. Mus.). This is a moderately scarce species, and it seems almost confined to the province of Bengal.
4. Gaeana hageni. (Tab. IX., figs. 8, a, b.)
Gteana hageni, Distant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. iii. p. 50 (1889). 3- . Body olivaceous-brown. Head with the lateral margins of front, pronotum with two oblique, irregular, linear spots on each lateral area, and a small central spot at base, blackish. Mesonotum with two central, obconical, castaneous spots at anterior margin. Tegmina pale greenish ; the costal membrane, a somewhat broad apical margin irregularly waved internally, a rounded spot at base of third apical area, and the apical half of inner margin (narrowly), dark brownish. Wings pale bluish-green, the apical and outer margins — not reaching base — narrowly dark brownish.
Eostrum not quite reaching the posterior coxre. Face large and tumid, the transverse striations coarse and prominent, central sulcation only prominent at about centre. Var. a.
Tegmina with two dark brownish spots, one at base of third apical area, and another, smaller, at base of fifth apical area.
Long. excl. tegm. ^ , 32 millim. Exp. tegm. 82 millim.
Hab. — Malayan Archipelago : Sumatra, Tandjong Morawa, Serdang (Dr. B. Hagen — Leyden Mus. and coll. Dist.).
The tympanal coverings in this species are somewhat larger than with other members of the genus ; the tympana, however, are still exposed, and the other characters are strictly those ofGceana.
5. Gaeana festiva. (Tab. III., figs. 18, a, h.)
Tettifionia festiva, Fabricius, Syst. Ehyng. p. 41, n. 41 (1803). Cicada thalassina, Guer. & Perch, Gen. des Ins. Hem. t. 2 (1834); Guer. Voy. Coq. Ins. p. 183 (1838). Gceana consobrina, White, MS.* CicadaPercheronii,Guer.Ic.regneAn.Ins.p.355(1838).
Gceana festiva, Stal, Berl. Ent. Zeit. x. p. 170, n. 1 (1866) ; Hem. Fabr. ii. p. 5, n. 1 (1869) ; Atkins. J. A. S. Beng. vol. liii. p. 222, n. 36 (1885); ibid. vol. Iv. p. 157, n. 28 (1886). (? . Body above black ; ocelli, eyes and a broad fascia behind them reddish-ochraceous ; margins of pronotum and four discal fasciae to mesonotum—of which the two central ones are angulated and connected with the anterior angle at the basal cruciform elevation — greenish-ochraceous. Body beneath and legs black ; apical half of face and a spot between face and eyes reddish-ochraceous. Tegmina greenish-ochraceous ; the radial area, a transverse fascia crossing centre from apex of radial area, near which is a large triangular spot, apex and outer and inner margins, and two small spots near base, blackish. The black area at apex is more or less broken, sometimes including a small greenishochraceous spot. Wings pale bluish-green ; the apex broadly black — containing a pale bluish spot — and the margin continued more narrowly black to anal angle.
The face is coarsely transversely striate, and broadly sulcated at base. Long. excl. tegm. 3 , 30 millim. Exp. tegm. 77 millim.
Hab. — Continental India : Sikkim (Gale. Mus. and coll. Dist.) ; Darjeeling (Stoekh, Mus.). Malayan AEcmPELAgo : Sumatra, Loeboe gedang (Sumatr. Exped. — Leyd. Mus.). *NotinProc.Zool.Soe.1850,asrecordedbyWalker(ListHorn.i.p.254),butaMS.nameonly.