136 ORIENTAL CICADIDM.
? . Head totally blackish ; mesonotum also nearly totally black, the spots having coalesced ; abdomen above darker than in the other sex, with the pale segmental margins narrower. Long. excl. tegm. ? , 19 millim. Exp. tegm. 48 millim.
Hab. — Continental India: Quetta (coll. Dist.) ; North Bengal (Miss Campbell — Brit. Mus.). c. Tcgmina and wings unspotted.
5. Cicadatra acberi.* (Tab. XV., figs. 3, a, h.)
Tihicen acberi, Distant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. i. p. 373 (1888). c? . Head black, the ocelli red, the eyes brownish-ochraceous. Pronotum black, with a central longitudinal fascia and the hind margin yellow, and two large discal reddish spots. Mesonotum black, with two faint yellowish central fasciae extending a short distance from anterior margin. Abdomen black, the lateral areas and apes more or less reddish. Face, sternum and femora yellow ; central longitudinal fascia to face, head beneath (excluding face), apices of femora, the tibise and tarsi, black. Abdomen beneath dull reddish.
Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, the venation blackish or olivaceous ; costal membrane to tegmina olivaceous.
The face is moderately broad and strongly striated laterally ; the rostrum has the apex pitchy and about reaching the intermediate coxfe. The opercula are yellowish, short, and broad, obliquely rounded, and not meeting at centre.
Long. excl. tegm. <? , 25 millim. Exp. tegm. 72 millim.
Hab. — Continental India : Kashmeer Valley, 6300 feet (Leech — coll. Dist.). Genus CALCAGNINUS.
Calcagninus,Distant,ante,p.31.
Body moderately long and robust. Head, including eyes, about equal in breadth to the base of mesonotum ; ocelli not quite twice the distance from eyes as from each other ; front broad and convexly rounded. Pronotum with the lateral margins sometimes slightly ampliated and more or less distinctly toothed, or nearly straight with the posterior angles only ampliated. Anterior femora distinctly spined. Eostrum in the male reaching the posterior coxjb. Tympanal coverings rudimentary ; the tympana practically exposed and uncovered. Second and third abdominal segments in the male furnished beneath with a welldeveloped tubercle near each lateral margin. Tegmina with the interior ulnar area scarcely narrowed at apex ; apical areas eight in number. Wings with six apical areas. Calcafinimis, by the tuberculated under surface of the abdomen, resembles superficially the genus Lcptopsaltria, belonging to the subfam. Cicadina: It is, however, at once seen to be not even included in the Cicadince, by the uncovered and exposed tympana. Only two small species are at present known, for both of which we are indebted to the entomological enterprise of Mr. G. F. Hampson, during his residence in the Neelgiri Hills. a. Lateral margins of the pronotum straight, not ampliated.
1. Calcagninus picturatus. (Tab. VIII., figs. 13, a, b.)
Leptopsalt)ia picturata. Distant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. i. p. 370 (1888). <y . Body above brownish-ochraceous; head, excluding base, much suffused with piceous, the ocelli red, the eyes castaneous. Pronotum with a central, longitudinal, fuscous fascia, the margins of which are black, *AcberorAkbar,theconquerorofKashmeerin1585.
" One of that saintly murderous brood, TocarnaseandtheKorangiven."—LallaEooMt.
ORIENTAL CICADID^. 137 anipliafed anteriorly and notched and narrowed posteriorly; and an oblique piceous fascia near each lateral margin. Mesonotum with a central, longitudinal, linear fascia, on each side of which is a curved, linear, discal fascia extending to anterior margin ; a broad fascia on each lateral area, and a spot at each anterior angle of the cruciform basal elevation, piceous. Abdomen sparingly greyishly pilose, with a double discal series and more continuous lateral marginal series of piceous spots ; base of anal segment also piceous. Body beneath ochraceous ; bases of anterior femora, bases and apices of the tibite, apices of the tarsi, abdominal tubercles, and anal segment of the alxlomen, piceous; anal appendage luteous. Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, the venation fuscous ; the tegmina with a small costal ochraceous and fuscous spot at base of the upper ulnar area, and the transverse veins at the bases of the first, second, and third apical areas, infuscated.
The rostrum has the apex piceous and just passing the posterior coxse, and the face is depressed and somewhat flattened.
Long. excl. tegm. ^ , 15 millim. Exp. tegm. 44 millim.
Hab. — Continental India : Neelgiri Hills, northern slopes, 5000 feet (Hampson — coll. Dist.). b. Lateral inarriinf! of the pronotum modrratrh/ nmpliated and toothed.
'2. Calcagninus nilgirensis. (Tab. YIII., figs. 15, a, h.)
Li'iiUj/isaltiiii 7ulr/imisis, Distant, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist ser. 5, vol. xx. p. 228 (1887). Body above olivaceous-green. Head with the front broadly margined with black ; the vertex with a streak behind the eyes, some irregular markings in front, and the area of the ocelli, black. Pronotum with the following black markings : — two central fascifc, rounded and joined posteriori}', and laterally curved and produced on each side anteriorly ; on each side of these fasciae are three discal irregular spots, and a large semicircular spot near each lateral margin. Mesonotum with the following black markings :—a central longitudinal line with a shorter curved and outwardly convex line on each side, followed by a small spot on anterior margin and by a sublatcral curved and broken fascia, and a spot in front of each antei-ior angle of the basal cruciform elevation. Abdomen above with the segmental margins narrowly black, and with two black spots at base and a smaller spot at apex of anal appendage. Body beneath pale olivaceousgreen ; anterior margin and two central fasciae—^joined posteriorly—to face, some irregular spots on cheeks, segmental margins, and the apex of anal appendage, black. Legs olivaceous-green ; apices of the femora, tibije, and tarsi, more or less pitchy. Rostrum olivacuous, with the apex black. Abdominal tubercles in the male varying in hue.
Tegmina pale hyaline, with violaceous reflexions, the venation alternately black and ochraceous, a few obscure black markings at base; the costal membrane ochraceous ; an ochraceous spot at base of upper ulnar area, and the transverse veins at bases of the three upper apical areas (in the female) broadly infuscated. In the male the third and fifth transverse veins are usually spotted, and there is frequently a submarginal series of small fuscous spots.* Wings with the venation similar to tegmina, but spotless. The lateral margins of the pronotum are biangulated, the face is large and tumid, the rostrum in the femalesexdistinctlypassestheposteriorcoxae.
Long. cxel. tegm. <? and ? , IG to 22 millim. Exp. tegm. 50 to 57 millim.
Hab. — Continental India: Neelgiri Hills, northern slopes, 5000 feet ^Uampson — coll. Dist.^. The females differ from the males, by the much shorter body aud the greater expanse of the tegmina. In both sexes the ochraceous coloration is often olivaceous.
*Insomespecimensthetegminaareonlyveryfaintlyandobscurelyspotted.
138 ORIENTAL CICADIDM.
Genus TEEPNOSIA.
Tcrpnosia, Distant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. ix. p. 325 (1892). Body moderately long and robust. Head, including eyes, almost equal in width to base of mesonotum ; ocelli wider apart from the eyes than from each other ; front broad and convexly rounded. Pronotum widening posteriorly ; the lateral margins moderately ampliated, their posterior angles lobately rounded. Anterior femora robustly and distinctly spined. Tympanal coverings rudimentary, the tympana practically exposed and uncovered. Opercula short and transverse. Tegmina and wings hyaline. Tegmina with the basal cell longer than broad ; apical areas eight in number; interior ulnar area not wider at apex than at base. Wings with six apical areas.
This genus differs from Calcagninns by the non-tuberculatecl abdomen, and has a great resemblance to the genus Pomponia in the subfam. Cicadime, from which, of course, it is distinguished by the uncovered tympana.
Terpnosia is widely distributed, being (according to present knowledge) found in Ceylon, Continental India, Tenasserim, the Malayan Archipelago, and Japan.
a. Tegmina more or less spotted.
1. Terpnosia nigricosta. (Tab. XV., figs. 4, a, b.)
Cicada nif/ricosta, Motschulsky, Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. xxsix. p. 184 (1866). ^ . Head ochraceous ; marginal striations to front and the whole of vertex — excluding two small spots near eyes and two basal spots — black. Pronotum blackish ; the lateral and posterior margins, a central longitudinal fascia, and some discal macular markings, ochraceous ; extreme edges of posterior and lateral margins, with three marginal spots near each lateral angle and a central basal marginal spot, black. Mesonotum ochraceous, with a large central fused spot, an irregular fascia on each lateral area, and a large spot in front of the basal cruciform elevation, black. Abdomen pale castaneous, with greyish tomentose lateral markings ; the base,— narrowly, — the apical segment and anal appendage, and a lateral series of segmental spots, blackish. Body beneath ochraceous ; a central fascia and transverse striations to face, sternal spots, opercula, femora, anterior tibise,—excluding under surface and apex,—base and a broad central anuulation to the intermediate tibife, base of posterior tibiae, base and apex of anterior and intermediate tarsi, and the margins of the apical segment, black or blackish.
Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, the venation mostly fuscous ; tegmina with the costal membrane ochraceous, its outer edge black ; the transverse veins at the bases of the second, third, fifth, seventh and eighth apical areas infuscated ; a series of small marginal spots on the longitudinal veins to apical areas, a spot on venation at base of upper ulnar area and the same at apex and anterior margin of basal cell, and a claval streak, black.
The rostrum reaches the posterior coxae ; the face is very obscurely sulcated and somewhat strongly transverselystriate.
Long. excl. tegm. <? , 30 to 31 millim. ; 2 , 23 to 26 millim. Exp. tegm. <? , 77 to 80 millim. ; S , 72 to 88 millim.
Hab. — Japan: Nikko, Chiuzenji (Lewis — coll. List.).
Mr. Geo. Lewis procured a nice series of this species during his entomological journey in Japan, with which he has kindly enriched my collection.
ORIENTAL CICADID.E. 13«j 2. Terpnosia pryeri,' ii. sp. (Tab. XV., Hgs. 5, a, h.)
S . Head black, thickly greyisbly pilose with two ochraceous spots on posterior margin. Pronotum ochraceous, thickly pilose with two central longitudinal fasciie, a curved linear spot on each side of disk, the fissures, and the inner lateral and posterior margins, l)lack ; a fuscous spot on lateral margins at posterior angles, and a small central black spot on posterior margin. Mesonotum dark ochraceous, with four obconical black spots,— the central pair shortest,— a central lanceolate black spot extending from the cruciform elevation to near anterior margin, and a very small spot on anterior margin between the outer obconical spots. Abdomen pale castaneous, the posterior segmental margins— widest at centre— black. Body beneath ochraceous, thickly pilose ; striations to face and sometimes facial disk, apices and sometimes under surface of femora, bases of tibiic, apices of tarsi, sternal spots and extreme base of abdomen, black.
■ Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, tin- venation ochraceous or fuscous ; tegmina with the costal membrane ochraceous; the transverse veins at the bases of the second, third, fifth and seventh apical ai-eas infuscated.
The rostrum reaches the posterior coxse ; the face is obscurely sulcate and striate. Long. excl. tegm. J , 27 millim. ; 2 , 22 millini. Exp. tegm. <? , 67 millim. ; ? , G4 millim. Hah. — Japan: Gifu (Pryer — coll. Dist.).
This species is allied to the preceding, T. nliiru-osta, from which it differs by its smaller size, the colour and shape — best explained by liguref — of the opercula, the fasciated abdomen, and relative lengths of the first and second apical areas to tegmina, the first iu T. pri/cri being about twice the length of the second.
3. Terpnosia stipata. (Tab. XV., figs. (5, u, b.)
lUtniluhia stipata, Walker, List Horn. i. p. 51, n. 11 (1850).
Dundubia clonia. Walk. List Horn. i. p. 66, n. 29 (1850).
Dundubia Mania, 8tal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Forh. 1863, p. 480.
<? . Body above greenish-ochraceous ; head with the margins of front and apical angles of vertex fuscous ; the area of the ocelli, an oblique fascia on each side, and a small spot at inner margins of eyes, black. Pronotum with two central fascite united posteriorly, the fissures, a spot on lateral margins, extreme edge of posterior margin and a spot on each side of same, black. (The diseal coloration of the pronotum in the specimen described is l)ro\vnish-ochraceous.) Mesonotum with a central linear fascia with a shorter one on each side, followed by a small obconical spot and a sinuated sublateral fascia, black ; two small spots in front of the cruciform elevation and the angles of same black. Abdomen with the posterior segmental margins, a broad central dorsal fascia, and a macular lateral fascia, very dark fuscous ; extreme apex grej'ish-white. Bodj' beneath and legs pale greenish ; the abdomen beneath talc-like and semi-transparent; a few sternal spots, the anterior femoral spines, and the tarsi, more or less fuscous. Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, the venation fuscous or ochraceous ; tegmina with the costal membrane ochraceous; the transverse veins at the bases of the second, third and fifth apical areas infuscated, and a marginal series of small fuscous spots situate on the longitudinal veins to apical areas.
Face globose, centrally sulcated except at base, where there is a slight callosity ; lateral striations profound; rostrum slightly passing the posterior coxfe.
Long. excl. tegm. ^ , 3:3 millim. ; ? , 22 milUm. Exp. tegm. J , 80 milHm. ; 5 , 70 millim. Hab.— Ceylon (Brit. Mus.) ; Eitagala, 2500 feet (Green— coll. Dist.).
■■Namedafteritslatediscoverer,Mr.n.J.S.Prver,whomadehisrosidouceinJapannieuionibletonaturahsts,andof whomitwassaid,"Itisnoexaggerationtostatetliathehadbecometlietwiihority,/a<-Heprincept,onalliiucstiousconnected withthebirds,butterflies,andmoths,wliilstattliesametimehehadacquiredanjostextensiveknowledgeandstoreoffacts iuconnectionwitliallotherbranchesoftheZoologyofJapan."—(yn^duWi-cklyMail.) fTab.XV.,lig.5,6.
140 ORIENTAL CICADID.E.
4. Terpnosia psecas. (Tab. VII., figs. 21, a, h.)
Dunduhiiipsecas.Walker,ListHorn.i.p.05,n.28(1850).
Pomponia eleyans, Kirby, Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool. vol. sxiv. p. 130 (1891).
Terpnosia psecas, Dist. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. ix. p. 325 (1892). The specimen, in my own collection and which is here figured, being somewhat faded in markings and coloration, I have thought it best to reproduce Walker's description. " Body tawny : head much narrower than the fore- chest; crown adorned with some black marks above the eyelets and with two tawny marks on each side ; face very convex ; mouth tawny with a black tip, reaching a little beyond the hind-hips: eyes rather prominent: feelers tawny: scutcheon of the forechest adorned with two black stripes, which are widened into triangles in front and behind ; fore border partly blackish ; sides ferruginous with pitchy borders ; hind-scutcheon rather narrow in the middle, much widened at the base of each fore-wing, much excavated on each side : scutcheon of the middle-chest adorned with four ferruginous stripes ; a large tawny spot on each of the inner pair, which are succeeded by two ferruginous spots ; outer pair much longer than the inner pair, much excavated, their tips widened to each side ; hind border slightly excavated : abdomen obconical, as long as the chest, adorned near the base with interrupted pitch}' bands on the hind borders of the segments : oviduct ferruginous : legs tawny; a pitchy band near the tip of each shank; fore thighs adorned with some pitchy marks, armed with three tawny teeth, one oblique and of moderate size, the second and third small : wings colourless ; fore border and veins tawnj', the latter with some pitchy bands, which are chiefly on the forks : cross veins clouded with brown ; a row of oval brown spots on the tips of the longitudinal veins of the marginal areolets." Long. excl. tegm. 3" , 26 millim. Exp. tegm. 77 millim.
Hab. — Continental India : Sikkim (coll. Dist.); Ceylon (Green — Brit. Mus.). Malayan Archipelago : Java (Argent — Brit. Mus.).
5. Terpnosia maculipes. (Tab. XV., figs. 7, a, h.)
Dundiihia maculipes, Walker, List Horn, i. p. 70, n. 32 (1850) ; Atkins. J. A. S. Bang. vol. liii. p. 224, u. 46 (1885).
Body above dull ochraceous. Head with marginal lines to front, linear spots at anterior angles of vertex; area of the ocelli, and a small spot between ocelli and eyes, black. Pronotum with two central linear fascije — united posteriorly — and the fissures black. Mesonotum with a central longitudinal fascia, on each side of which is a short curved fascia, followed by a series of three irregular spots, and a small spot in front of the anterior angles of the basal cruciform elevation, black. Abdomen pilose, with the rudimentary tympanal coverings, narrow basal segmental margins and lateral marginal spots, blackish. Body beneath and legs ochraceous ; coxal spots, spots near bases and apices of femora, spines to anterior femora, subbasal and subapical annulations to anterior and intermediate tibi<e, apices of tarsi, apex of rostrum, and striations to face, dark castaneous or fuscous.
Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, the venation fuscous or ochraceous ; tegmina with the costal membrane ochraceous ; the transverse veins at the bases of the second, third, fifth and seventh apical areas palely infuscated ; a series of small pale fuscous marginal spots situate on the longitudinal veins to apical areas, and a fuscous spot at basal angle of upper ulnar area.
The opercula are larger than in the preceding species, almost meeting centrally and then obliquely divergent, their apices reaching the second abdominal segment.
Long. excl. tegm. <y , 28 millim. Exp. tegm. 77 millim.
Hab. — Continental India: "North Bengal" (Miss Campbell — Brit. Mus.).
The specimen, in my own collection, which is here figured and described, has no precise locality affixed to it.
ORIENTAL CICADID^. 141 6. Terpnosia clio. (Tab. IX., figs. 5, a, b.)
Dundubia clio. Walker, List Horn. i. p. 73, n. 35 (1850).
3' • Head and thorax above greenish-ochraceous. Head with two central apical spots to front, a spot at anterior angles of vertex, and the area of the ocelli, black. Pronotum with two central linear fasciffi—almost united posteriorly—and the fissures black. Mesonotum with a lanceolate central longitudinal spot, a short curved fasciate line on each side, followed by two irregular spots, and a small spot in front of the interior angles of the basal cruciform elevation, black. Abdomen ochraceous, the posterior segmental margins green, the lateral margins pale ochraceous, and the margins of the rudimentary tympanal coverings, blackish. Legs, sternum and opercula greenish-ochraceous ; striations to face, a spot between face and eyes, basal and apical annulations to anterior and intermediate femora and tibiae, apices of the tarsi, apex of the rostrum, and a basal fascia to the opercula, dark castaneous or pitchy. Abdomen beneath pale ochraceous ; the base, apical segment and anal appendage, black.
Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, the venation ochraceous or fuscous. Tegmina with the costal membrane greenish; the transverse veins at the bases of the second, third and fifth apical areas infuscated, and a black spot at basal angle of the upper ulnar area.
The opercula are short and obliquely rounded, and the rostrum reaches the posterior coxae. Long. excl. tegm. 3 , 19 millim. Exp. tegm. 50 millim.
Hab. — Continental India : Sikkim (coll. Dist.).
The specimens on which Walker founded the species were unlocahsed, but I have received it from Sikkim.
7. Terpnosia andersoni, n. sp. (Tab. IX., figs. 13, a, b.)
S . Closely allied to the preceding species, but differing by the absence of the lanceolate central fascia to the mesonotum ; by the presence of an oblique submarginal, linear, broken fuscous fascia to the upper surface of the abdomen ; but principally by the shape of the opercula, which are subquadrate and without the basal black fascia.
Long. excl. tegm. <? , 19 millim. Exp. tegm. 52 millim.
Hab.—China : W. Yunnan (Anderson—coll. Dist.).
I am indebted to my friend Mr. Fredk. Moore for a specimen of this species acquired by Dr. Anderson during the W. Yunnan expedition.
b.Tegminaunsjiotted.
8. Terpnosia madhava. (Tab. IX., figs. 2, a, b.)
Pomponia madhava. Distant, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 644 ; Atkins. J. A. S.Beng. vol.liii. p. 229, n. 66(1885). S . Body above pale greenish ; abdomen with a lateral row of three large oblong spots, only denoted by their darker green margins, and occupying the lateral sides of the second, third and fourth segments ; segmental incisures narrowly dark greenish : abdominal apex somewhat greyishly tomentose. Ocelli red ; eyes fuscous. Mesonotum with two very faint obconical spots. Body beneath pale greenish ; legs and rostrumpaleochraceous.
Tegmina and wings pale hyaline ; the first with the costal membrane and veins pale greenish. The face is broad and convex, with a broad central longitudinal impression and strong transverse striations ; the opercula are small, scarcely reaching the basal segment of the abdomen ; the third and fourth abdominal segments beneath are rounded, produced, and pointed anteriorly ; the rostrum reaches theposteriorcoxtc.
Long. excl. tegm. S , 22 millim. Exp. tegm. 55 millim.
Hab. — Continental India: Assam (coll. Dist.). -o
142 ORIENTAL CICADIDM.
9. Terpnosia colHna. (Tab. VII., figs. 12, a, h.)
Pomponia collina, Distant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. i. p. 371 (1888). (? . Body above ochraceous-brown ; head with the margin of the front and the vertex much suffused with blackish. Pronotum with two central longitudinal fascia, which are most widely separated at anterior margin ; on each side of disk is a curved linear spot, and a large, oblique, semi-oval, linear spot on each lateral area, black. Mesonotum with five black fasciae ; the central fascia crossing disk and widened anteriorly and posteriorly, one on each side of this short and curved, and one on each lateral area crossing the whole of disk, and a spot in front of the anterior angles of basal cruciform elevation, black. Abdomen with the segmental margins somewhat broadly black. Body beneath ochraceous ; head, excluding face, blackish ; bases of tibiae, the tarsi, and basal segment of the abdomen, fuscous ; apical segment of the abdomensomewhatinfuscated.
Tegmma and wings pale hyaline, the venation fuscous or ochraceous ; the first with the costal membrane ochraceous.
The face is moderately tumid and not centrally and longitudinally sulcated ; the rostrum reaches the posterior coxae; the opercula are small, wide apart, and somewhat angulated. Long. excl. tegm. (? , 16 to 17 millim. Exp. tegm. 47 to 54 millim.
Hab. — Continental India: Khasi Hills (Calc. Mus. and coll. Dist.). Burma : Ruby Mines (Doberty —coll, Dist.).
Genus MELAMPSALTA.
Melampsalta, Amyot, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (2), v. p. 155 (1847); Kolenat. Mel. Ent. vii. p. 27 (1857); Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. xsx. p. 425 (1857) ; Stal, Hem. Afr. vol. iv. p. 42 (1866); Karsch, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. XXXV.pp.112and123(1890).
Cicadetta, Amy. Ann. Soc. Ent. Pr. (2), v. p. 156 (1847); Kolenat. Mel. Ent. vii. p. 19 (1857) ; Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. xxx. p. 417 (1857).
Tettigetta, Amy. Ann. Soc. Ent. Pr. (2), v. p. 156(1847); Kolenat. Mel. Ent. vii. p. 24 (1857) ; Bull. See. Imp. Nat. Mosc. xxx. p. 422 (1857).
Stal* has SO clearly defined this genus, as above understood, that it is as well to use his diagnosis.
" Caput thoracis antico latitudinse sub^equale ; vertice ocuHs circiter duplo latiore ; fronte leviter vel modice convexa, sulco longitudmali medio plus minus distincto instructa. Thorax postice quam antice latior, marginibus lateralibus obtusis, raro paullo explanatis. Tegmina venis ulnaribus basi contiguis vel basin versus in unam conjunctis, areis apicalibus octo, areola basali quadrangulari. Segmentum ventrale ultimum feminarum apice profuudissime lateque emargiuatum. Tympana superne tota detecta. Opercula parva vel mediocria. Femora antica subtus spinis tribus vel quattuor armata." A character by which Mdampsalta can be readily discriminated from the other genera of Oriental Tibiceninae here enumerated, is found in the tegmina by the united bases of the ulnar veins at the end of the basal cell.
Melampsalta has probably a world-wide distribution, at least wherever the Cicadidae are found ; but it reaches its maximum of representation in Australia and New Zealand, where it is certainly the dominant genus. It is poorly represented in this fauna. *Hem.Afr.vol.iv.p.42(1866).
ORIENTAL CICADIDM. 143 1. Melampsalta literata. (Tab. XV., figs. 8, a, h.)
Ckaditta litcnita, Distant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. i. p. 875 (1888): S . Head and pronotum dull blackish, somewhat palely pilose, both crossed by a narrow, obscure, longitudinal, ochraceous line; ocelli red, eyes black and shining. Mesonotum shming black, with the lateral margins and a large, discal, " letter H "-shaped spot ochraceous. Abdomen above dull blackish, the posterior segmental margins narrowly and obscurely dull reddish. Body beneath ochraceous, the sternum much shaded with dull blackish. Abdomen with a central longitudinal row of blackish spots ; legs ochraceous, femora and tibiic streaked with blackish.
Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, the venation olivaceous or fuscous. The rostrum does not extend beyond the intermediate coxae, and the face is laterally and coarsely striated.
Long. excl. tegm. 5 , 12 millim. Exp. tegm. 37 millim.
Hab.— Continental India : Kashmeer Valley, 0300 feet (Leech — Coll. Dist.). 2. Melampsalta continuata. (Tab. XV., figs. 9, a, h.)
Ckadetta contimiata, Distant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. i. p. 375 (1888). 2 . Head and thorax above dull blackish, sparingly covered with short grey pilosity. Head with the anterior margin, the ocelli, and a central, linear, longitudinal fascia continued across the pronotum, where it is widened, dull ochraceous, the pronotal margins of the same colour. Mesonotum with two longitudinal discal fasciffi, the lateral margins and basal cruciform elevation dull ochraceous, the last with its centre blackish. Abdomen above pale castaneous, greyishly pilose, the posterior segmental margins paler in hue, and with an obscure, central, narrow, longitudinal, blackish fascia. Body beneath and legs dull reddishochraceous ; head beneath and the discal area of face blackish.
Tegmina and wings pale hyaline, their bases narrowly reddish-ochraceous, the venation more or less olivaceous.
The rostrum about reaches the intermediate coxae, and the face is very broad and tumid. Long. excl. tegm. 2 , 15 to 18 millim. Exp. tegm. 38 to 45 millim. Hab. — Continental India: Quetta* (colls. Atkins, and Dist.).
3. Melampsalta pellosoma. (Tab. XV., figs. 10, a, h.)
Cicadapelhsoma,Uhler,Proc.Ac.Nat.Sci.Philad.1862,p.283.
(? . Head above black, the anterior margins of the vertex and a spot behind the ocelU pale ochraceous ; eyes brownish ; ocelli i-ed. Pronotum black, the margins and a central fascia — widened anteriorly and posteriorly — pale ochraceous. Mesonotum ochraceous, with four obconical black spots, the central pair shortest and palest in hue. Abdomen ochraceous, with a pale fuscous central longitudinal fascia. Body beneath and legs pale ochraceous; the face —excluding margins and a spot at (base — blackish ; coxiE and legs streaked and spotted with castaneous.
Tegmina and wings pale hyaline and talc-like, the venation ochraceous. 2 . Paler in hue than the male ; head with the whole base ochraceous ; pronotum with a central hour-glass-shaped ochraceous fascia ; mesonotum with the obconical spots very faint or semi-obliterated. Long. excl. togm. 3 and $ , 15 millim. Exp. tegm. 37 millim.
Hab.— China: Hong Kong (Uhler) ; Shantung (coll. Dist.).
*WeknowlittleabouttheentomologyoftheoutlyingdistrictsofNorth-westernIndia,especiallyastothefamily CicadidiF,whichisprobablywellrepresented.Awriterinthe'JournaloftheAsiaticSocietyofBengal'ivol.Ix.p.441, 1840)describeshow,onhisinarchwiththearmyoftlieIndus,fromKandahartowardsKabul,heobservedaremarkable congregationofCicadidie,composedofmorethanonespecies."Thebranchesofthetamiriskwerecoveredwiththem,as hardlytobeabletodistinguishaparticleofgreen,andtheirnoisealldaywasunceasing;thejewivweobushesbeini;atthe sametimecoveredwiththeemptyscalesofthepiipip.Ourtentsandtent-ropesassoonaspitchedwerecoveredbythese insects; in fact, everything looked yellow."