CLARIAS. 253 almost in contact with caudal. Anal 55-67, almost in contact with caudal. Pectoral 4 to 2 length of head, the spine serrated on both sides, Clarias bythipogon.
Ogowe. 3.
3 to? the length of the fin. Ventrals much nearer end of snout than caudal. Caudal 4 or nearly 3 length of head. Olive-brown above, whitish beneath; anal fin with a dark edge.
Total length 230 millim.
Old Calabar to Congo.—Type in Paris Museum. 1. Ad. Old Calabar, Miss Kingsley (C.). 2-4. Ad. &hgr. Assobam, BumbaR.,S. Cameroon. G. L. Bates, Hsq. (C.). 5-6. Ad. &hgr. | Kondo-kondo, Ogowe. Miss Kingsley (C.). 7,8. Ad. &hgr. Kinshassa, Stanley Pool. M. A. Gresshoff (C.) ; Utrecht Museum (E.).
9. Ad. Monsembe, Upp. Congo. Rey. J. H. Weeks (P.). 10-11. Ye. Lindi R., = M. M. Storms (C.); Brussels Museum (P.).
22. CLARIAS ALLUAUDI.
Clarias microphthalmus (non Pfeff.), Pellegr. Mém. Soc. Zool. France, xvii. 19035, p-176.
Clarias alluaudi, Bouleng. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xvii. 1906, p. 437, Fish. Nile, p- 296, pl. liii. fig. 2 (1907), and Proe. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 1083. Depth of body 5% to 64 times in total length, length of head 4 to 44 times. Head 14 to 14 times as long as broad, smooth above ; occipital process acutely pointed, longer than broad ; frontal fontaneile twice as long as broad, about 4 times in length of head ; occipital fontanelle small, extending on occipital process; eye 2 or 24 times in length of snout, 4 or 5 times in interorbital width; width of mouth a little less
254 SILURID 2, ow than interorbital width; band of premaxillary teeth about 4 times as long as broad; vomerine teeth conical, forming a crescentic band which is longer and a little broader than the band of premaxillary teeth ; nasal barbel as long as or a little longer than head; maxillary barbel 1} to 1% times length of head, reaching ventral or between pectoral and ventral; outer mandibular barbel 14 to 14 times as long as inner and about 14 length of head. Gill-rakers moderate, 14 or 15 on anterior arch. Clavicles hidden under the skin. Dorsal 65-78, Fig.210.
Clarias alluaudi.
Type (F.N.). 2.
its distance from occipital process about + length of head, extending to root of caudal. Anal 55-62, extending to root of caudal. Pectoral 2 length of head, the spine serrated on both sides and about 2 the length of the fin. Ventral 14 times as distant from root of caudal as from end of snout. Caudal about 4 as long as head. Blackish brown above, lighter brown beneath.
Total length 230 millim.
Lake Victoria.
1. Type. Kavirondo Bay. M. Alluaud (C.) ; Paris Museum (E.).
2. Type. Entebbe. Mr. BE. Degen (C.).
3-4. Types. Bunjako. 5 23. CLARIAS WHRNERI.
Bouleng. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xvii. 1906, p. 569; Werner, Sitzb. Ak. Wien, exy. 1, 1906, p. 1135, pl. iv.; Bouleng. Fish. Nile, p. 297, pl. liii. fig. 3 (1907), and Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 1084.
Depth of body 63 to 8 times in total length, length of head 44 to 5 times. Head about 13 times as long as broad, smooth or very feebly
CLARIAS. 255 2 granulate above; occipital process angular, not longer than broad; frontal fontanelle more or less distinctly sole-shaped, 14 to 2 times as long as broad, its length 4 to 5 times in that of the head; occipital fontanelle as large or a little smaller, oval or elliptic, partly on occipital process ; eye 2 to 3 times in length of snout, 5 or 6 times in interorbital width ; width of mouth a little less than interorbital width ; band of premaxillary teeth 3 to 4 times as long as broad; vomerine teeth granular, forming a crescentic band which is as broad as or a little Fig.211.
Clarias wernert.
Type (F.N.). 4.
narrower than the premaxillary band; nasal barbel nearly once to once and 4 length of head; maxillary barbel 1} to 2 times length of head, reaching extremity of pectoral or beyond; outer mandibular barbel about 14 times as long as inner and equal to or longer than head. Gill-rakers moderate, 16-18 on anterior arch. Clavicles hidden under the skin. Dorsal 82-91, its distance from occipital process nearly 4 length of head, in contact with or very narrowly separated from caudal. Anal 68-72, in contact with or very narrowly separated from caudal. Pectoral nearly 4 length of head, the spine very feebly serrated on the outer border and about # the length of the fin. Ventral 13 to 1? times as distant from root of caudal as from end of snout. Caudal about 4 as long as head. Blackish brown above, lighter beneath. Total length 230 millim.
Uganda.
1. Type. Near Gondokoro. Dr. F. Werner (P.).
2-7. Ad. & yg. Mpologoma R., L. Kioia. Dr. E. Bayon (C.). 8-10. Types. Bunjako, L. Victoria. Mr. E. Degen (C.). 11. Type. Buganga, . 5 12. Type. Munyonyo, ,, % 13. Ad. Buddu coast of L. Victoria. Mr. M. Simon (C.).
256 SILURID#.
@ 24. CLARIAS MACROMYSTAX.
Giinth. Cat. Fish. v. p. 17 (1864) ; Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 1084, fig. Depth of body 6% times in total length, length of head 4 times. Head 13 as long as broad, finely granulate above; occipital process angular; frontal fontanelle oval, not quite twice as long as broad; occipital fontanelle smaller, in advance of occipital process; eye small, its diameter 3 times in length of snout, 54 times in interorbital width, which equals width of mouth and 2 length of head; band of premaxillary teeth only 3 times as long as broad; yomerine teeth Fig.212.
f | | Clarias macromystax.
Type (P. Z. 8.1907). 2.
| } mostly granular, forming a large fan-shaped patch the longitudinal diameter of which exceeds the width of the premaxillary band; nasal barbel as long as head; maxillary barbel 1} length of head, reaching nearly to base of ventral; inner mandibular barbel nearly as long as nasal, % length of outer. Gill-rakers on first arch not closely set, 16 in number. Clavicles exposed, striated. Dorsal 80, its distance from occipital process ¢ length of head, very narrowly separated from caudal. Anal 63, very narrowly separated from caudal. Pectoral 4 length of head, the spine strongly serrated
CLARIAS, 257 * on both sides, 2 the length of the fin. Ventrals much nearer end of snout than caudal. Caudal } length of head. Dark brown. Total length 205 millim.
Gambia.
1. Type. Gambia. Mr. J. T. Dalton (C.).
25. CLARIAS DUMERILII.
Steind. Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xvi. 1866, p. 766, pl. xiii. fig. 8, & pl. xiv. fig. 5; Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 1085.
Depth of body 6 to 73 times in total length, length of head 4 to 44 times. Head 1} to 1} times as long as broad, smooth above; occipital process angular; frontal fontanelle sole-shaped, about twice as long as broad; occipital fontanelle smaller, usually extending on the occipital process ; eye very small, its diameter 3 times in length of snout, 6 or 7 times in interorbital width, which, like the width of the mouth, measures 3 length of head; band of preemaxillary teeth 4 times as long Clarias dumerilii. 5 $° Type,afterSteindachner(J.¢.).
as broad; vomerine teeth conical or subgranular, forming a crescentic band which, in the middle, is a little narrower than the premaxillary band ; nasal barbel % to # length of head; maxillary barbel as long as or a little longer than head, reaching middle or end of pectoral fin ; inner mandibular barbel 4 to } length of head, about 3 length of outer. Gill-rakers on first arch not closely set, 12 to 15 in number. Clavicles concealed under the skin. Dorsal 66-72, its distance from occipital process about 4 length of head, narrowly separated from caudal. Anal 49-55. Pectoral } to 2 length of head, the spine serrated on both VOL. II. s
258 S{LURIDA, sides, about 3 the length of the fin. Ventrals much nearer end of snout than caudal. Caudal about $ length of head. Uniform dark brown. Total length 155 millim.
Angola, Old Calabar.—Types in Vienna Museum.
1-5. Ad. Angola. Dr. Welwitsch (P.).
6. Ad. Fort Don Carlos I., Angola. Dr. W. J. Ansorge (C.). 7. Ad. Okwoga, Cross R, R.D.Gard’ner, Esq. (P.). 26. CLARLAS LIBERTENSIS.
Steind. Notes Leyd. Mus. xvi. 1894, p. 54; Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soe. 1907, p-1086.
Clarias bulume, Steind, t. e. p. 55, Depth of body 5 to 63 times in total length, length of head 33 to 4} times. Head 1} to 14 times as long as broad, smooth or very finely granulate above; occipital process angular; frontal fontanelle small, sole-shaped ; occipital fontanelle smaller, just in advance of occipital process ; eye very small, its diameter 8 times in length of snout, 7 or 8 Fig.214.
Clarias liberiensis.
Sierra Leone. }.
times in interorbital width, which equals width of mouth and is contained twice in length of head ; band of preemaxillary teeth 4 times as long as broad ; vomerine teeth conical or sunbgranular, forming a crescentic band which is as broad as the praemaxillary band ; nasal barbel ? to $ length of head ; maxillary barbel a little longer (up to 13) than head, reaching nearly to end of pectoral fin ora little beyond ; inner mandibular barbel as long as nasal, little shorter than outer. About 20 gill-rakers on the first arch. Clavicles concealed under the skin. Dorsal 60-68, its distance from occipital process ? length of head, almost in contact with caudal. Anal 44-45, almost in contact with caudal. Pectoral nearly } length of head, the spine feebly serrated
CLARIAS. 259 on both sides, # or ? the length of the fin. Ventrals much nearer end of snout than caudal. Caudal nearly % length of head. Olivebrown.
Total length 220 millim.
Sierra Leone, Liberia, S. Cameroon, Benito River.—Types in Leyden Museum.
1. Ad. Sierra Leone.
2, 3. Ad. & hgr. Efulen, S. Cameroon. G. L. Bates, Esq. (C.). 4, Skel. - = 3 5-6. Ad. Benito R.
27. CLARIAS PACHYNEMA.
Bouleng. Ann. & Mag. N. Hl. (7) xii. 1903, p. 438, and Proc. Zool. Soe. 1907, p- 1086, fig.
Fig.215.
Clarias pachynema.
Type (P. Z. S. 1907).
Depth of body 6} to 7 times in total length, length of head 42 to 5 times. Head 12 to 1} times as long as broad, smooth or very feebly granulate; occipital process acutely pointed ; frontal fontanelle sole-shaped, about twice as long as broad; occipital fontanelle smaller, in advance of occipital process ; eye very small, 3 to 4 times in length of snout, 6 times in interorbital width, which equals about 2 length of head and exceeds width of mouth; band of premaxillary teeth 2} to 3 times as long as broad ; vomerine teeth conical, forming a short curved band which, in the middle, is as broad as the premaxillary band; barbels thick and papillose at the base; nasal $2
260 SILURID&.
barbel 3 to # length of head, maxillary 14 to 14 times, outer mandibular 14 to 1} times, inner mandibular $ to ¢. Gill-rakers few, about 15 on anterior arch. Clavicles concealed under the skin. Dorsal 92-95, its distance from occipital process 2 to } length of head. Anal 78-80. Dorsal and anal extending to root of caudal. Pectoral 4 length of head, its spine feebly serrated on both sides and 2 to # the length of the fin. Ventrals about once and 2 as distant from caudal as from end of snout. Caudal 4 length of head. Dark olive-brown above, yellowish beneath.
Total length 255 millim.
South Cameroon.
1-3. Types. Ja R. G. L. Bates, Esq. (C.).
4-6, 7-9. Ad., hgr., & yg.
10-11. Ad. & her. 3 12. Her. Nyong R.
99 ” 28. CLARIAS LAXVICEPS.
Gill, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1862, p. 139; Sauv. Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1882, p. 318, pl. v. fig. 2; Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1904, i. p. 200, and 1907, p. 1087, fig. Clarias kingsleye, Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soe. 1902, ii. p. 334. Depth of body 83 to 12 times in total length, length of head 5 to 54 times. Head 14 to 14 times as long as broad, smooth; occipital process pointed ; frontal fontanelle sole-shaped, about twice as long as broad; occipital fontanelle smaller, in advance of occipital process ; eye Clarias leviceps.
Cameroon (P. Z. 8.1907). 4.
very small, 5 to 4 times in length of snout, 6 to 7 times in interorbital width, which equals 3 length of head and a little exceeds width of mouth ; band of premaxillary teeth 4 to 5 times as long as broad ; vomerine teeth conical, forming a curved band which is as broad as or a little narrower than the premaxillary band; barbels moderately thick, nasal 3 to 2 length of head, maxillary 14 to 12 times, outer mandibular