CLARIAS. 261 once, inner mandibular 2. Gill-rakers few, 15 to 20 on first arch. Clavicles concealed under the skin. Dorsal 79-87, its distance from occipital process 4 to % length of nead. Anal 68-78. Dorsal and anal extending almost to the very root of the caudal. Pectoral 2 to % length of head, spine feebly serrated on outer side and % to ? the length of the fin. Ventrals 14 to 1% times as far from caudal as from end of snout. Caudal 4 to length of head. Uniform dark brown above, light brown beneath, in spirit.
Total length 270 millim.
Gold Coast, Cameroon.—Type (U.S. Nat. Mus ) examined. 1. Type of Odumasi, Gold Coast. R. B. N. Walker, Esq. (C.); C. kingsleye. Dr. A. Giinther (P.).
2. Type of Tnfoan, R. Offin, Gold Coast. “6 C.kingsleye.
3-6, 7. Ad. Kribi R., S. Cameroon. G. L. Bates, Esq. (C.). 8. Ad. Lobi R., 35 e 29. CLARIAS BUETTIKOFERL.
Steind. Notes Leyd. Mus. xvi. 1894, p. 53.
Depth of body 6 times in total length, length of head 4 times. Head nearly 13 as long as broad, nearly smooth above; occipital process pointed; eye very small, about 6 times in interorbital width, which is a little more than 4 length of head; width of mouth 4 length of head ; vomerine teeth obtusely conical, forming a crescentic band which, in the middle, is as broad as the premaxillary band; nasal barbel reaching middle of pectoral; maxillary barbel extending a little beyond end of pectoral. Dorsal 55, anal 50, the last ray completely adnate to the caudal. Pectoral a little more than 3} length of head; spine short, serrated on the inner edge only. Dark reddish brown. Total length 155 millim.
Liberia.
Only known from the description quoted above. The type specimen, Iam informed by Mlle. Dr. Popta, is not to be found in the Leyden Museum, which is supposed to contain the types of the fishes discovered by Dr. Bittikofer.
30. CLARIAS AMPLEXICAUDA.
Bouleng. Ann. Mus. Congo, Zool. ii. p. 36, pl. x. fig. 2 (1902), and Proc. Zool. Soe. 1907, p. 1088.
Depth of body 7 times in total length, length of head 5 times. Head
262 SILURID &.
1+ times as long as broad, smooth; occipital process very short and forming a very open angle; frontal fontanelle sole-shaped, + length of head; occipital fontanelle smaller, in advance of occipital process ; eye 4 length of snout, } interorbital width, which is a little less than 2 length of head and equals width of mouth; band of premaxillary teeth 4 times as long as broad; vomerine teeth conical, forming a crescentic band which is as broad as the premaxillary band; nasal barbel # length of head*. Gill-rakers rather long, 15 on anterior arch. Clavicles feebly striated and covered with a thin skin. Dorsal 80, its distance from occipital process 2 length of head. Anal 65.
Both dorsal and anal embracing root of Fig.217.
Clarias amplearcauda:
Type(A.M.©.). 3.
caudal. Pectoral 2 length of head, its spine serrated on both sides and measuring } the length of the fin. Ventrals once and } as distant from caudal as from end of snout. Caudal a little more than $ length of head. Blackish brown above, a little lighter beneath. Total length 155 miilim.
Upper Ubanghi.—Type in Congo Museum, Tervueren.
31. CLARIAS THEODORA.
M. Weber, Zool. Jahirb., Syst. x. 1897, p. 150; Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p-1089.
Depth of body 6 to 7 times in total length, length of head 4} to 54 times. Head 1? or 1} timesas long as broad, smooth; occipital process angular, broader than long ; frontal fontanelle sole-shaped, twice as long as broad and 4 length of head ; occipital fontanelle smaller, in advance of occipital process ; eye very small, 3 times in length of snout, 5 to 6 times in interorbital width, which equals width of mouth and a little less than * The other barbels are mutilated in the single known specimen.
CLARIAS. 263 z length of head; band of premaxillary teeth 4 times as long as broad ; vomerine teeth conical, forming a curved band which is as broad as the premaxillary band ; nasal barbel 2 to # length of head ; maxillary barbel as long as or a little longer than head, as long as outer mandibular. 14 gill-rakers on anterior arch. Clavicles feebly striated, distinct under the skin. Dorsal 80-90, its distance from occipital process 4 length of head. Anal 67-73. Dorsal and anal embracing base of caudal. Fig.218.
= > SSS Clariag theodov'e.
Umfulosi. 4.
Pectoral about 4 length of head, its spine feebly serrated on the outer side, strongly on the inner and measuring } to 2 the length of the fin. Ventrals 13 times as distant from caudal as from end of snout. Caudal about § length of head. Greenish grey to blackish. Total length 180 millim.
Natal, Zululand, Rhodesia.—Type in Amsterdam University Museum, 1. Ad. Umfulosi, Zululand. Dr. EK. Warren (P.).
32. CLARIAS FOULONI.
Bouleng. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xvi. 1905, p. 644, and Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p- 1089, fig.
Depth of body 6% times in total length, length of head 5 times. Head 14 times as long as broad, smooth; occipital process angular ; frontal fontanelle sole-shaped, + length of head, twice as long as occipital 2 fontanelle, which is in advance of occipital process; eye 3 times in
264 SILURID&.
length of snout, 5 times in interorbital width, which is about 4 length of head and equals width of mouth; band of premaxillary teeth 4 times as long as broad; vomerine teeth conical, forming a crescentic band which, in the middle, is a little broader than the premaxillary band ; nasal barbel 3, maxillary #, outer mandibular ? length of head. Gillrakers about 20 on anterior arch. Clavicles concealed under the skin. Dorsal 83, its distance from occipital process $ length of head. Fig.219.
Clarias foulont.
Type (P. Z. 8.1907). 2.
Anal 68. Both dorsal and anal embracing root of caudal. Pectoral 2 Jength of head, its spine serrated on inner side only and measuring ? the length of the fin. Ventrals 1} times as distant from caudal as from end of snout. Caudal nearly } length of head. Blackish brown, belly paler brown.
Total length 200 millim.
Lake Bangwelu.
1. Type. L. Bangwelu. F. H. Melland, Esq., & Father Foulon (P.). 33. CLARIAS SALA.
Hubrecht, Notes Leyd. Mus. iii. 1881, p. 68; Steind. op. cit. xvi. 1894, p. 525 Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p. 1099, fig.
Depth of body 9 to 12 times in total length, length of head 5 to 6 times. Head about 1} times as long as broad, finely granulate above; occipital process short, rounded or obtusely pointed ; frontal
CLARIAS. 265 fontanelle oval or sole-shaped, about twice as long as broad; occipital fontanelle smaller, in advance of occipital process; eye small, its diameter 21 to 3 times in length of snout, 4 to 5} times in interorbital width, which equals width of mouth and ? length of head; band of premaxillary teeth 4 times as long as broad ; yomerine teeth conical, Clariassale.
Type (P. Z. 8.1907). 4.
forming a crescentic band which is nearly as broad as the premaxillary band ; nasal barbel § length of head; maxillary barbel a little longer than head, reaching end of pectoral ; inner mandibular barbel 2 length of head, nearly ? length of outer. Gill-rakers few, 8 to 10 on first arch. Clavicles distinct under the thin skin, striated. Dorsal 89-93, its distance from occipital process 2 to 2 length of head. Anal 70-78. Dorsal and anal connected with base of caudal by a narrow membrane. Pectoral $ length of head, the spine strongly serrated on both sides, # the length of the fin. Ventrals nearly twice as far from caudal as from end of snout. Caudal 2 length of head. Blackish brown or dark green above, with or without small yellowish spots. Total length 360 millim. Reaches to 455 millim.
Liberia.—Types in Leyden Museum.
1-2. Two of the types. Liberia. Dr. Biittikofer (C.).
266 SILURID&.
2. ALLABENCHELYS.
Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1902, i. p. 234, and 1907, p. 1091. Characters of Clarias, but casque less developed, the sides of the head naked, only the postorbital shield being present. Dorsal and anal reaching caudal. Vertebre 68-70.
Two species :— Depth of body 7-83 times, head 5-53 times in total length ; ventrals 14-12 as distant from root of caudal as from end of snout; D. 65-75, A. 60-65. 1. A. brevior, p. 266. Depth of body 9-12 times, head 53-6 times in total length; ventrals 1{-2 as distant from root of caudal as from end of snout; D. 80-90, A. 60-75. 2. A. longicauda, p. 267. 1. ALLABENCHELYS BREVIOR.
Bouleng. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xii. 1903, p. 439, and Proc. Zool. Soc. 1907, p- 1091, fig.
Depth of body 7 to 8} times in total length, length of head 5 to 5} times. Head 1} to 1} times as long as broad, smooth above, the bony casque, in the middle of the head, about $ width of head; postorbital bone narrow; occipital process acutely pointed; a small frontal fontanelle ; occipital fontanelle a little smaller, partly on occipital nea process; eye very small, 23 to 3 times ad We a in length of snout, 5 to 6 times in interorbital width, which is ? length of head ; band of preemaxillary teeth 3 to 4 times as long as broad; vomerine feeth conical or subgranular, forming a _ crescentic band which is as broad as or a little Allabenchelys brevior.
Type (P. Z. 8. 1907). 3.
broader than the premaxillary band; nasal barbel 3 to $ length of head; maxillary barbel as long as or a little shorter than head, not reaching beyond middle of pectoral fin; outer mandibular barbel % to ¢
ALLABENCHELYS. 267 length of head, inner } to 3. Gill-rakers moderately long, 10 to 12 on anterior arch. Clavicles hidden under the skin. Dorsal 65-75, its distance from occipital process 3 to 2 length of head. Anal 60-65. Both dorsal and anal narrowly separated from caudal. Pectoral about + length of head, its spine feebly serrated on both sides and } to § the length of the fin. Ventrals 1} to 1% times as distant from root of caudal as from end of snout. Caudal 4 to 2 length of head. Olivebrown above, yellowish beneath; anal with a light edge. Total length 205 millim.
South Cameroon.
1-2. Types. Ja R. G. L. Bates, Esq. (C.). 3-4. Ad. rp 3 5. Skel. i 3 6-9. Ad. & hgr. Nyong R. 3 2. ALLABENCHELYS LONGICAUDA.
Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1902, i. p. 234, pl. xxii. fig. 1, and 1907, p. 1092. Depth of body 9 to 12 times in total length, length of head 5} to 6 Fig. 222. times. Head 1} to 14 times as long as broad, smooth above, the bony casque, in the middle of the head, 4 width of head; postorbital bone narrow ; occipital process acutely pointed; a small frontal fontanelle ; occipital fentanelle very indistinct ; eye very small, 3 to 4 times in Allabenchelys lonyicauda.
Type (PB. Z. 8. 1902). 2.oO length of snout, 6 times in interorbital width, which is not quite 2 length of head; band of premaxillary teeth 4 to 5 times as long as broad ; vomerine teeth conical or subgranular, forming a crescentic
268 SILURID&.
band which is as broad as or a little broader than the premaxillary band; nasal barbel $ to # length of head; maxillary barbel as long as or a little longer than head, reaching middle or extremity of pectoral fin ; outer mandibular barbel 2 to once length of head, inner mandibular 2 to 3. Gill-rakers moderately long, 10 to 12 on anterior arch. Clavicles hidden under the skin. Dorsal 80—90, its distance from the occipital process 2 to 3 length of head. Anal 60-75. Both dorsal and anal very narrowly separated from caudal. Pectoral 4 to 2 length of head, spine smooth or slightly serrated. Ventrals 1? to 2 times as distant from root of caudal as from end of snout. Caudal about } length of head. Dark olive-brown above, whitish beneath, anal with a light edge; an ill-defined, dark, light-edged crescentic band on the caudal.
Total length 280 millim.
South Cameroon.
1. Type. Ja R. G. LL. Bates, Esq. (C.).
2, 3-4. Ad. - 4 5. Skel. = 3 6, 7. Ad. Kribi R. % 8. Ad. Zima Country. - 3. CLARIALLABES.
Bouleng. Ann. Mus. Congo, Zool. i. 1900, p. 136, Poiss. Bass. Congo, p. 262 (1901), and Proe. Zool. Soe. 1907, p. 1092.
Differs from the preceding in the eye being without free border. Dorsal and anal united with caudal. Ventrals small. Vertebre 76. A single species.
1. CLARIALLABES MELAS.
Clarias melas, Bouleng. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (5) xix. 1887, p. 148. Clariallabes melas, Bouleng. ll. cc. and Proc. Zool. Soc. 1902, i. pl. xxii. fig. 2, and 1907, p. 1093.
Depth of body 10 to 11 times in total length, length of head 6 times. Head 1} times as long as broad, smooth, the bony casque, in the middle, about $ width of head; occipital process acutely pointed ; frontal fontanelle sole-shaped, twice and 4 as long as broad; occipital fontanelle smaller, oval, partly on occipital process; eye very small, its diameter 4 times in length of snout, 7 times in interorbital width, which