09 (Si) BAGRUS.
Bagrus docmas, Riipp. Beschr. n. Fische Nil, p. 5 (1829); Cuv. & Val. Hist. Poiss. xiv. p. 404 (1839); Giinth. Cat. Fish. v. p. 70 (1564), and Petherick’s Tray. ii. p. 228 (1869); Vincig. Ann. Mus. Genova, (2) xix, 1898, p. 245; Bouleng. Fish. Nile, p. 237, pl. lviii. (1907).
Depth of body 4 to 54 times in total length, length of head 3 to 4 times. Head much depressed, 1+ to 1? times as long as broad, smooth above; occipital process long and narrow, in contact with or narrowly separated from interneural bone; snout broadly rounded, projecting beyond the lower jaw, 1} (young) to 4 times as long as eye, which is 5 Tig.246.
Bugrus doemac.
Nile Delta (F. N.). +.
2 (young) to 12 times in length of head and 13 to 33 times in interocular width ; width of mouth 2 to 25 times in length of head; premaxillary band of teeth 5 to 7 times as long as broad, a little shorter than and about as broad as the band of vomerine teeth. Nasal barbel 4 (adult) to 4 length of head; maxillary barbel 14 (adult) to 34 times length of head, reaching ventral or not quite so far in adult, anal or caudal peduncle in young; outer mandibular barbel 12 to 21 times length of inner, and 3 to 14 times length of head. Gill-rakers rather long, widely set, 9 to 12 on lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal I 8-10 (usually °), last ray im advance of vertical of inner ray of ventral; spine smooth, moderately strong, not } length of head; anterior soft rays more or less produced into filaments in the adult. Adipose dorsal 4 to 5 times as long as deep, 13 to 2 times as long as rayed dorsal, from which it is
310 SILURIDA.
narrowly separated. Anal 12-14 (8 or 9 rays branched). Pectoral about 2 to 3 length of head, its spine moderately strong, feebly serrated Ventral equally distant from eye and from caudal, or a little nearer latter. Caudal deeply forked, upper lobe produced into a long filament. Caudal peduncle not or but little longer than deep. Greyish blue to dark olive above, white beneath, the whole body sometimes shot with gold and green; some blackish may be present on the dorsal, anal, and ventral fins; blackish dots sometimes present on the posterior part of the back and on the adipose fin. Total length 600 millim. Nile Delta to Lake Victoria and Shoa tributaries of Blue Nile; Ganana River, Lake Stephanie, Omo and Sagan Rivers. 1-5. Ad., hgr.,& Lower Nile. J. Petherick, Esq. (C.). on inner side.
ys:
6. Skel. 55 Dr. Riippell (C.). 7-10. Ad., hgr., Nile near Samannud. L. Loat, Esq. (C.). &yg.
Cairo.
Near Cairo.
Birket Karun.
11-14. Her. & yg. 15-18. Ad. & yg.
OFSiligi:
Dr. Riippell (C.). L. Loat, Esq. (C.). Dr. W. A. Cunnington and C. L. Boulenger, Esq. (C.). 20. Ad. Biba. L. Loat, Esq. (C.). 21-23. Her. Beni Souef. am 24. Her. Sanhur. I 5, Whee Assiut. By 26. Her. Between Assiut and Abu Tig. 5 27-29. Her. & yg. Luxor. “A 30-39. Ye. Near Luxor. is 40-41. Her. Edfu. ie 42-51. Yo. Between Luxor and Assuan. fi 52-60. Ad., hgr., Assuan. x &yg.
61. Ad. Mirrwau, Nubia. 7 62. Hgr, Korosko, _,, ‘i 63. Her. Derr, i Hs 64. Hgr. Cataract at Hannak, Nubia. 65-69, 70-73, 74- 75. Her. & yg.
76. Her.
77. Ad.
78-80. Hgr. & yg. 81. Yg.
Khartum.
Omdurman.
Tewfikyeh, White Nile. Bunjako, L. Victoria. Buddu Coast, L. Victoria. ” J. Petherick, Esq. (C.). L. Loat, Esq. (C.). Mr. E. Degen (C.). Mr. M. Simon (C.).
BAGRUS. 311 82. Ad. _ Moger R. (Blue Nile), Shoa. Mr. EH. Degen (C.). 83-85. Her. & yg. Ergino R. (Omo), Mr. P. C. Zaphiro (C.) ; W.N. MacMillan (P.).
86. Her. Sagan R. at Wondo (Ii. Abaia). 5 4. BAGRUS DEGENI.
Bouleng. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) xvii. 1906, p. 438, Fish. Nile, p. 331, pl. lix. (1907), and Ann. Mus. Genova, (3) iv. 1909, p. 307. Depth of body 44 to 54 times in total length, length of head 31 to 33 times. Head much depressed, 12 to 1} times as long as broad, smooth above; occipital process long and narrow, narrowly separated from interneural bone; snout broadly rounded, projecting beyond lower Fig.247.
Bagrus degeni.
Type (F.N.). 2.
jaw, 12 (young) to 2% times as long as eye, which is 5 (young) to 11 times in length of head and 14 to 2? times in interocular width; width of mouth 2 to 24 times in length of head; premaxillary band of teeth 6 or 7 times as long as broad, shorter than and as broad as or a little narrower than the vomerine band. Nasal barbel + (adult) to } length of head; maxillary barbel 1} (adult) to 23 times length of head, extending to end of pectoral fin or a little beyond in adult, to end of ventral in young; outer mandibular barbels 1} to 1 times length
312 SILURID&.
of inner and 4 to nearly once length of head. Gill-rakers rather long, widely set, 10 or 11 on lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal 1 9, last ray in advance of vertical of inner ray of ventral; spine smooth, less than + length of head; longest soft ray $ to $ length of head. Adipose dorsal 4 to 55 times as long as deep, 1} to 13 times as long as rayed dorsal; the space between the two dorsal fins 4 to 2 the length of the first. Anal 12-13 (8 or 9 rays branched). Pectoral $ to # length of 2 head, its spine moderately strong, not serrated in the adult. Ventral equally distant from eye and from caudal, or a little nearer latter. Caudal deeply forked, upper lobe produced into a long filament. Caudal peduncle not or but little longer than deep. Blackish brown or dark steel-blue above, whitish or brassy yellow beneath; fins grey to blackish. Yotal length 490 millim.
Lake Victoria.
1-5. Ad., hgr., & yg., types. Entebbe. Mr. E. Degen (C.). 6. Ad., type. Near Entebbe. bb) 5. BAGRUS UROSTIGMA.
Vincig. Am. Mus. Genova, (2) xv. 1895, p. 36.
Depth of body 64 to 63 times in total length, length of head 34 times. Head not more than once and } as long as broad, smooth above ; snout about 3? length of head; eye 8 (young) to 14 times in length of head, 2 to 4 times in interorbital width; nasal barbel reaching anterior border of eye; maxillary barbel reaching middle of adipose fin in the young, end of rayed dorsal in the adult. Dorsal I 9, longest ray a little longer than head ; last ray above ventral. Adipose fin twice as long as its distance from rayed dorsal, which equals base of latter. Anal 10-11. Pectoral spine strongly serrated on inner side. Caudal forked, upper lobe slightly the longer. Reddish brown above, yellowish white beneath; caudal fin dotted with black.
Total length 720 millim.
Ganana River, Somaliland.—Types in Genoa Museum.
6. BAGRUS MERIDIONALIS.
Giinth. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1893, p. 626; Bouleng. Ann. Mus. Congo, Zool. ii. p. 38 (1902).
Depth of body 6% times in total length, length of head 34 times. Head nearly twice as long as broad, finely striated above; occipital
BAGRUS. 313 process long and narrow; snout not projecting beyond lower jaw, 24 times as long as eye, which is 8 times in length of head and twice in interocular width. Nasal barbel + length of head, maxillary #, outer mandibular 2, inner mandibular 4. Dorsal I 9, last ray in front of ventral; spine smooth, moderately strong, not } length of head. Bagrus meridionalis.
Type, upper view of head. 3.
Adipose dorsal low, widely separated from rayed dorsal. Anal —? Ventral much nearer caudal than end of snout. Brown above, white beneath.
Total length 550 millim.
Upper Shiré River.
1. Type. Upper Shiré. A. Whyte, Esq. (C.); Sir H. H. Johnston (P.).
7. BAGRUS UBANGENSIS.
Bouleng. Ann. Mus. Congo, Zool. ii. p. 38, pl. xi. fig. 1 (1902). Depth of body 7 times in total length, length of head 4 times. Head 14 times as long as broad, smooth above; snout broadly rounded, subtruncate, about % length of head; eye 7 times in length of head, 2! times in interocular width; occipital process narrow, hardly as long as eye, widely separated from first interneural bone; mouth 3 width of
314 SILURID 2.
head; band of premaxillary teeth 6 times as long as broad, as broad as and close to the crescentic band of vomerine teeth; nasal barbel about 3 length of head; maxillary barbel 2% times length of head, extending beyond root of ventral; inner mandibular barbel 2 length of head, outer $. Dorsal I 8, longest branched ray nearly as long as head; last ray above inner ray of ventral. Adipose fin 5 times as long Fig.249.
Bagrus ubangensis.
Type (A. M.C.). 3.
as deep, much longer than rayed dorsal and twice and 3 its distance from the latter. Anal 11, 7 rays branched. Pectoral 3 length of head, its spine strong and feebly denticulate on inner edge. Caudal deeply forked, both lobes prolonged into filaments. Caudal peduncle scarcely longer thandeep. Brown above, with a few black dots, whitish beneath ; a large blackish spot behind the shoulder.
Total length 300 millim.
Ubanghi.—Type in Congo Museum, Tervueren.
15. CHRYSICHTHYS, Bleek. Act. Soc. Sc. Ind.-Neerl. iv. 1858, p. 60, and Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierk. 1. 1863, p. 95; Giinth. Cat. Fish. vy. p. 70 (1864) ; Bouleng. Poiss. Bass. Congo, p. 277 (1901), and Tish. Nile, p. 333 (1907). Melanodactylus, Bleek. Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierk. i. 1863, p. 95. Chrysobagrus, Bouleng. Ann. Mus. Congo, i. p. 290 (1899). Body moderately elongate, feebly compressed. Dorsal and anal fins short, the former consisting of a spine and 5 or 6 branched rays and followed by an adipose fin. Pectoral fin with a spine. Ventral fin
CHRYSICHTHYS. 315 with 6 rays, inserted behind the vertical of the dorsal fin. Four pairs of barbels: nasal, maxillary, and two mandibulars. Nostrils widely separated from each other. Hye supero-lateral, with free border. Maxillary bone rather large, hidden in the lip but bordering the mouth ; jaws with a band of villiform teeth; a band of teeth on the vomer, often extending also on the pterygoids. Gill-membranes free, deeply notched. Air-bladder large, free.
10 to 20 precaudal and 24 to 27 caudal vertebre. 8 to 10 branchiostegal rays. A more or less distinct foramen above the axil, leading to the membrane of the air-bladder.
Nile and Tropical Africa.
Synopsis of the Species.
I. Dorsal 14 to 2 times as distant from root of caudal as from end of snout ; band of premaxillary teeth curved, 6 times as long as broad; length of head 4 to 43 times in total length ; caudal deeply forked, longest rays at least 3 times as long as median; base of adipose fin not more than 4 its distance from rayed dorsal.
Occipital process not reaching interneural shield ; maxillary barbel a little longer than head ; anal with 10 branched rays . 1. C. sianenna, Bler., p. 317. Occipital process in contact with interneural shield ; maxillary barbel 2 length of head ; anal with 8 branched rays . . . . . 2. C. sharpii, Blgr., p. 318. II. Dorsal 11 to 13 times as distant from root of caudal as from end of snout ; band of preemaxillary teeth straight or feebly curved, 24 to 4 times as long as broad; length of head 3 to 32 times in total length ; maxillary barbel not longer than head.
A. Base of adipose fin shorter than that of rayed dorsal, from which it is separated by a space equal to 2 to 4 times its length; caudal deeply forked, longest rays at least 3 times as long as median ; 12-20 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch.
1. Head 12 times as long as broad ; snout pointed, as long as broad ; width of mouth 33 times in length of head; anal with 9 branched NaSilgoemopeeccanneSar«eames 2. Head 14 to 13 times as long as broad. Snout rounded, broader than long; width of mouth 2} to 3 times in length of head ; 3. C. acuttrostris, Gthr., p. 319.
316 SILURID 2.
anal with 9-11 branched rays; second or first and second soft dorsal rays longest, not longer than head . . . . . . 4. C. furcatus, Gthr., p. 320. Snout obtusely pointed, not much broader her long; width of mouth 24 to 4 times in length of head; anal with 7-9 branched rays; second (rarely first) soft dorsal ray [p. 321. Or longest, usually at least as long as head . Cy nigrodiyitatus, Lacep., Snout rounded, broader than long; width of mouth 2 to 22 times in length of head ; anal with 7-8 branched rays ; first or first and second soft dorsal rays longest, usually shorter thanjhead)) =). =) = = « oeaa6. Cxwalken: Gthr.ep.o24. B. Base of adipose fin as long as or longer than that of rayed dorsal, from which it is separated by a space equal to 1} times its length; anal with 6-8 branched rays ; first soft dorsal ray longest ; 10-12 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch.
First soft dorsal ray more or less produced ; longest rays of caudal 25 to 3 times length Or mecca) 6 4 oo lo 0 6 o 0 0 0 to Oh erence, Ecioninr,, 0. B25. First soft dorsal ray not produced ; longest rays of caudal twice length of median . . . 8 C. rueppelli, Blgr., p. 327. III. Dorsal 1} to 12 times as distant from root of caudal as from end of snout ; band of przemaxillary teeth feebly curved, 4 to 6 times as long as broad : length of head 33 to 3} times in total length ; maxillary barbel longer than head ; nasal barbel not half diameter of eye ; width of mouth 2 to 3 times in length of head ; 17-23 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch; anal with 8-9 branched rays; longest rays of caudal 3 to 3} times length of median.
Maxillary barbel a little longer than head . . 9. C. brevibarbis, Blgr., p. 329. Maxillary barbel at least 3 times length of Weel 5 nb 66 bo a le 6 6 8 0 NOS Oh Vongnaentus, Bler. , p. 330. IV. Dorsal not more than 1} times as distant from root of caudal as from end of snout ; band of premaxillary teeth curved, 4 to 8 times as long as broad; length of head 3 to 3} times in total length ; maxillary barbel not or but slightly longer than head ; nasal barbel 3 to 2 diameters of eye ; width of mouth 14 to 2 times in length of head.
A. Base of adipose fin nearly as long as its distance from the rayed dorsal ; anal with 7-9 branched rays.
Head 14 times as long as broad; first soft dorsalray longest ». . - »'.'. . » IM Ciduttom) Blom ps Bai. Head not or but little longer than broad; second and third soft dorsal rays Jongest . . . 12, C. wayenaari, Blgr., p. 331.