PARAUCHENOGLANIS. 365 strong, strongly serrated on inner side. Ventral not reaching anal. Caudal rounded. Yellowish olive to brown above, with round blackish spots, which may form more or less regular transverse series on the Parauchenoglanis guttatus.
Nyong R. 5.
body; young brown with yellowish cross-bars, in addition to the dark spots; fins with round blackish spots.
Total length 245 millim.
Cameroon.—Type in Stockholm Museum.
1-8. Ad., hgr., & yg. Kribi R., S. Cameroon. G. L. Bates, Esq. (C.). 9-11. Hgr. & yg. Nyong R., . “A 12-18. Ad., hgr., & yg. Ja R,, o eB 19. Skel. - a fs 2, PARAUCHENOGLANIS MACROSTOMA.
Auchenoglanis macrostoma, Pellegr. Bull. Soe. Philom. (10) i. 1909, p. 48, fig. Depth of body 43 times im total length, length of head 33 times. Head as in the preceding, but barbels longer, maxillary and inner mandibular as long as head, outer mandibular much longer and reaching extremity of pectoral fin. Dorsal 1 7; spine smooth, ? length of head. Adipose dorsal neariy 4 times as long as deep, about twice as long as its distance from rayed dorsal, Anal 12 (9 rays branched). Pectoral not reaching ventral; spine strong, serrated on inner side. Ventral not »
366 SILURIDA.
reaching anal. Caudal rounded. Brown above, yellow beneath, with small dark spots; five transverse series of more or less confluent black spots on the body; dorsal and anal with small black spots. Fig.284.
Parauchenoglanis macrostema.
Type, after Pellegrin (/.¢.). 4.
Total length 240 millim.
Ogowe.—Type in Paris Museum.
23. AUCHENOGLANIS.
Auchenaspis (non Egerton), Bleek. Neder]. Tijdschr. Dierk. i. 1863, p, 101; Giinth. Cat. Fish. v. p. 137 (1864).
Auchenoglanis, Giinth. Zool. Ree. i. p. 165 (1865) ; Bouleng. Poiss. Bass. Congo, p- 294 (1901), and Fish. Nile, p. 344 (1907).
Oayglanis, Vincig. Ann. Mus. Genova, (2) xix. 1898, p. 249. Body moderately elongate, feebly compressed. Dorsal and anal fins short, the former composed of a spine and 7 or 8 branched rays, and followed by a very long adipose fin. Pectoral fin with a spine. Ventral fin with 6 rays, just behind the vertical of the dorsal fin. Three pairs of barbels: maxillary and two mandibulars. Nostrils widely separated from each other, the anterior tubular, on the upper lip, the posterior slit-like. Eye supero-lateral, with free border. Preemaxillaries small ; maxillaries, hidden in the lip, comparatively large, bordering the mouth. Jaws with villiform teeth, which may be reduced to small groups; palate toothless. Gillemembranes free, feebly notched. Air-bladder large, free.
AUCHENOGLANIS. 367 Vertebree 43-48 (18-21+4 25-27). 9 branchiostegal rays. Intestinal canal much elongate and forming numerous convolutions. Nile and Tropical Africa.
Synopsis of the Species.
I. Occipital process and interneural plate large, granulate like the head. Snout 4 or slightly more than 4 length of head ; re illany barbel more aa 3 length of head, reaching beyond posterior border of eye, not [p. 367. much shorter than outer mandibular . . . 1. A. biscutatus, I. Geoffr., Snout usually more than } length of head ; maxillary barbel 4 to a little over } length of head, not extending beyond eye, usually [p. 369. shorter than outer mandibular . . . . . 2. A. occidentalis, C. & V., II. Occipital process and interneural plate narrow, often indistinct under the skin.
A. Occipital process in contact with interneural plate; maxillary barbel not more than 4 length of head.
Longest dorsal rays 4 length of head . . . . 3. A. ngamensis, Blgr., p. 371. Longest dorsal rays a little longer than head . . 4. A. altipinnis, Blgr., p B. Occipital process not in contact with interneural plate. ee barbel 4 to # length of head, more than 4 as long as outer mandibular; eye 7-10 times in length of head . . . . . do. A. ballayi, Sauv., p. 373. Maxillary barbel $ length of head, not $ as ene as outer nee a ; eye 6 times in length Gir |NeRGl ng on or aimee ee » » 6. A. ubangensis, Blgr., p. 375. Maxillary barbel as long as head, a little meres than outer mandibular ; eye 6 times in length Olgheudy rereety .wieiny. tlt lvlesndue. WHiMeAl, punctatus loi. pe onOn 1, AUCHENOGLANIS BISCUTATUS.
Pimelodus biscutatus, 1. Geoftr. Descr. Egypte, Poiss. p. 301, pl. xiv. fig. 1 (1827) ; Cuv. & Val. Hist. Poiss. xv. p. 197 (1840). Douq Majeq, Ritaud, Voy. Egypte, pl. exciii. no. 35 (1830). Auchenaspis biscutatus, Bleck. Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierk. i. 1863, p. 101. Auchenaspis biscutatus, part., Giinth. Cat. Fish. y. p. 137 (1864), and Petherick’s Tray. ii. p. 232 (1869).
Auchenoglanis biscutatus, part., Bouleng. Poiss. Bass. Congo, p. 296 (1901). Auchenoglanis biscutatus, Bouleng. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) x. 1902, p. 263, and Fish. Nile, p. 344, pl. Ixii. (1907).
Depth of body 34 to 5 times in total length, length of head 22 to 34
368 SILURIDA.
times. Head moderately depressed, 13 to 13 times as long as broad, its upper surface and the operculum rough with granular asperities and covered with a very thin skin; occipital process rounded, as long as broad or broader than long, in contact with or narrowly separated from a large, granulate interneural shield; snout pointed, 4, or slightly more than 3, length of head (measured to base of occipital process); eye supero-lateral, 2} (young) to 4} times in length of the snout, 5 (young) Fig.285.
Auchenoglanis biscutatus.
Gondokoro (F. N.). 3.
to 84 times in length of head, 13 (young) to 3 times in interorbital width; mouth small, nearly terminal, with thick papillose ips; premaxillary teeth in two small, oval or pyriform longitudinal groups, close together. Maxillary barbel 3 to ¢ length of head, reaching more or less behind posterior border of eye; outer mandibular barbel as long as or a little longer than maxillary, more than twice as long as inner mandibular, which is inserted on lower lip. Gill-rakers rather long and widely set, 9-11 on lower part of anterior arch. Humeral process small, acutely pointed, granulate. Dorsal 1 7; spine strong, with granular asperities in front, } to 2 length of head. Adipose dorsal 24 to 3 times as long as deep, 2 to 24 times as long as rayed dorsal, from which it is separated by a space equal to 4 to 4 its own length, extending nearly to root of caudal, Anal 10-12 (6 or 7 rays branched). Pectoral reaching or nearly reaching ventral, spine very strong, granulate on outer side, with
AUCHENOGLANIS. 369 10 (young) to 20 strong serre on inner side. Ventral equally distant from anterior or posterior border of eye and from root of caudal, reaching, or nearly reaching, anal. Caudal rounded, obliquely truncate, or feebly emarginate. Brown, olive, or dark green, uniform or with small round blackish spots, which may be numerous or few and scattered, or confined to the fins ; the spots smallest, and often mere dots, on the rayed fins ; the spots on the body large in the very young. Lower parts white. Total length 350 millim.
Lower Nile to Bahr-el-Gebel ; Chad Basin; Niger ; Calabar.—Type in Paris Museum.
Mg Gx Goz-abu-Gumah, White Nile. LL. Loat, Hsq. (C.). 2-11. Ad.,her., & yg. Fashoda, 4 12. Her. Tonga, 55 13. Ad. Mouth of L. No, rs bs 14-23, 24-33. Ad., Gondokoro, Balr-el-Gebel.
her., & yg.
34. Her. Kano, Hadeija R., Chad Basin. Capt. G.B. Gosling (P.), 35. Her. Mareji, Upper Niger. J.S. Budgett, Hsq. (P.). 36, Yg. Cross R. district, Oid Calabar. = Major W. A. CG. Cockburn (P.).
2. AUCHENOGLANIS OCCIDENTALIS.
Pimelodus occidentalis, Cuv. & Val. Hist. Poiss. xv. p. 203 (1840). Auchenaspis biscutatus, part., Giinth, Cat. Fish. v. p. 137 (1864). Auchenaspis biscutatus, Steind. Sitzb. Ak. Wien, Ix. i. 1870, p. 993, pl. vi. figs. 3 & 4.
Oxyglanis sacchii, Vincig. Ann. Mus. Genova, (2) xix. 1898, p. 250. Auchenoglanis biscutatus, part., Bouleng. Poiss. Bass. Congo, p- 296 (1901). Auchenoglanis oecidentalis, Bouleng. Ann. & Mag. N. H. (7) x. 1902, p. 263, and Fish. Nile, p. 847, pl. Ixiii. (1907).
Auchenoglanis occidentalis, var. tanganicanus, Bouleng. Tr. Zool. Soc. xvii. 1906, p- 553, pl. xxxiil.
Auchenoglanis occidentalis, var. tchadiensis, Pellegr. Bull. Mus. Paris, 1909, p. 244. Very nearly allied to the preceding, but distinguished by the longer and more pointed snout, which measures usually more than half length of head, and 3 (young) to 8 times diameter of eye; maxillary barbel always shorter than outer mandibular, $ to a little over 4 length of head, not extending beyond posterior border of eye. Adipose fin often deeper behind than in A. biscutatus and its outline ascending more gradually. Olive or brown, uniform or spotted with dark brown or blackish ; these spots, when present, larger than in A. déscutatus, often very large on the VOL. II. 2B
370 SILURID.
dorsal and caudal fins, where they are separated by a narrow network of the pale ground-colour.
Total length 510 millim. Lower Nile to Blue Nile and Bahr-el-Gebel; Lake Rudolf; Lake Chad, Senegal; Niger; Congo; Lakes Tanganyika, Mweru, and Bangwelu.—Type in Paris Museum. Fig.286.
Auchenoglanis occidentalis, Mouth of L. No(F. N.). 4. il, Wee, Near Luxor. L. Loat, Esq. (P.). 2. Yg. Between Luxor and Assuan. 4 3-4. Yg. Kosheh, Nubia. as 5-9. Her. & yg. Khartum. J. Petherick, Esq. ((.). 10-11. Her. Omdurman. L. Loat, Esq. (C.). 12-13. Ad. Wad Medine, Blue Nile. a 14-15. Ye. Goz-abu-Gumah, White Nile. m9 16. Ad. Gharb-el-Aish, “ m 17-18. Ad. & her. Fashoda, a A 19. Ad. Mouth of L. No, i Ws 20-24. Ad. & her. Gondokoro, Bahr-el-Gebel. 61) 25. Head of ad., dry. L. Chad. Capt. G. B. Gosling (P.). 26-28. Yg. Fort Lamy, Shari R. 9 29. Ad. Kaédi, Senegal. M. P. Delhez (C.). 30. Ad., stuffed. Senegal. 31-32. Ad. & hgr. | McCarthy Id., Gambia. J.S. Budgett, Esq. (P.). 33. Ad. Mureji, Upp. Niger. os
AUCHENOGLANIS. 371 34. Her. Oguta, Low. Niger. Dr. W. J. Ansorge (C.). 35-37. Yg. Abo, $5 is 38. Yg. Agberi, Pe sp 39. Yg. Assay, 5 53 40. Ad. Niger. Mr. J. T. Dalton (C.).
41. Skel ss » 42. Her. Benue R., north of Ibi. H. L. Norton Traill, Esq. (C.).
43. Ye. Near Leopoldville, Congo. Drs. Dutton, Christy, & Beh or Todd (P.).
44, Yo. Sankun R. at Kondue, Kasai, M. E. Luja (C.). Congo.
45, 46-49, Ad. & hgr. Monsembe, Upp. Congo. Rev. J. H. Weeks (P.). 50. Ad. Bikoro, L. Tumba, Upp. Congo. M. P. Delhez (C.). 51. Skin. L. Mweru. Sir A. Sharpe (P.).
52. Her. L. Bangwelu. F. H. Melland, Esq. (P.). 53-54. Yg. Kinyamkolo, L. Tanganyika. Prof.J.E.S. Moore (C.). 5d. Ad. Middle of L. Tanganyika. me 56-57. Ad. Kalombo, oF a 58. Her, Mtondwe Bay, ,, Dr. W. A. Cunnington (cepa 3. AUCHENOGLANIS NGAMENSIS, sp. n.
Depth of body 5} times in total length, length of head 5} times. Head moderately depressed, 15 times as long as broad, upper surface smooth ; operculum with radiating striz ; occipital process small, longer than broad, in contact with the moderately large interneural plate ; snout pointed, 4 length of head; eye supero-lateral, 8 times in length of head, twice in interorbital width ; mouth small, nearly terminal, with thick papillose lips; premaxillary teeth in a small patch a little broader than long, with notched posterior border. Maxillary and inner mandibular barbels $ length of head; outer mandibular slightly shorter than head, reaching base of pectoral fin. Gill-rakers rather long, 8 on lower part of anterior arch. Humeral process short, triangular, feebly striated. Dorsal I 7; spine moderately strong, smooth, } length of head, as long as longest soft rays. Adipose dorsal 9 times as long as deep, originating immediately behind rayed dorsal and extending nearly to root of caudal. Anal 13 (8 rays branched). Pectoral not reaching ventral; spine strong, strongly serrated on inner side. Ventral not reaching anal. Caudal rounded. Olive-brown, with numerous small round black spots, some of which form vertical bars on the sides of the body; belly white. 2B 2
a2 SILURIDA.
Total length 220 millim.
Lake Neami district, Bechuanaland.
Fig.287.
Auchenoglinis ngamensis.
Type. 3.
1. Type. Okovango R., near 1. Neami. KR. B. Woosnam, Esq. (C.). 4, AUCHENOGLANIS ALTIPINNIS, sp. n.
Depth of body 4% times in total length, length of head 33 times. Head moderately depressed, 1} times as long as broad, upper surface smooth ; operculum with radiating striz; occipital process small, longer than broad, in contact with the moderately large interneural plate ; snout pointed, a little more than } length of head; eye supero-lateral, 7 times in length of head, twice in interorbital width; mouth small, nearly terminal, with thick papillose lips ; premaxillary teeth ina small reniform patch. Maxillary barbel ? length of head, inner mandibular 4, outer mandibular a little shorter than head and reaching base of pectoral fin. Gill-rakers rather long, 9 on lower part of anterior arch. Humeral process narrow, pointed, feebly striated. Dorsal 1 7; spine mederately strong, smooth, 3 length of head; longest soft rays slightly longer than head. Adipose dorsal 6 times as long as deep, originating immediately behind rayed dorsal and extending nearly to root of caudal. Anal 13 (8 rays branched). Pectoral not reaching ventral; spine strong, strongly serrated on inner side. Ventral nearly reaching anal. Caudal rounded.