ANNOTATED LIST OF THE SPECIES 181 ChaenothoraxsemiscutatusKigenmann,1910,Rept.PrincetonUniv.Exped.Patagonia,III,402; Ellis, 1913, Ann. Carnegie Mus., VIII, 393.
Brochis coeruleus Gosline, 1940, Stanford Ichth. Bull., II, 1, 24. Known only from the Ambyiacu Genus 72: OSTEOGASTER Cope Corydoras(inpart)KigenmannandKigenmann,1890,Oec.PapersCal.Acad.Sci.,I,468; Regan, 1912, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), X, 209. Osteogaster Cope, 1894, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soec., X XXIII, 102; Higenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 403. Brochis (in part) Regan, 1912, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (8), X, 209; Gosline, 1940, Stanford Ichth. Bull., Il, 1, 24. Type: Corydoras eques Steindachner Throughout the Amazon Separable from the nearby Corydoras on the basis of the meeting of the coracoid processes in the middle line of the belly, a doubtful point, however, which has been solved in the Gosline monograph by making it a synonym of Brochis. 163. OSTEOGASTER SPLENDENS (Castelnau) Callichthys splendens Castelnau, 1855, Anim. Amér. Sud, Poiss., 39, pl. xviii, fig. 3, Rio Tocantins, Corydoras splendens Cope, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., XXIII, 283, Rio Ambyiacu; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890, Occ. Papers Cal. Acad. Sci., I, 468. OsteogastersplendensKigenmann,1910,Rept.PrincetonUniv.Exped.Patagonia,III,403; Ellis, 1913, Ann. Carnegie Mus., VIII, 412.
Brochis coeruleus Gosline, 1940, Stanford Ichth. Bull., IT, 1, 24. Rio Tocantins and Rio Ambyiacu Family X: Loricarndae Siluroides (in part) Cuvier, 1817, Régne Anim., ed. i, I, 199. GoniodontesAgassiz,1829,Sel.Gen.etSpec.Pisce.Bras.,1. Loricata Kner, 1853, Denksch. KK. Akad. Wiss. Wien, VI, 75. Loricaroidei Bleeker, 1863, Nederl. Tijdsch. Dierk., I, 77. Hypostomatina (in part) Giinther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 11. Loricartidae Gill, 1872, Arr. Fam. Fish., 19; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1888, Amer. Nat., XXII, 649; Kigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890, Oce. Papers Cal. Aead. Sei., I, 351; Regan, 1904, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, XVII, 191; Jigenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 221.
Most of South America A family of Nematognath fishes extending throughout the lowlands and moderate elevations. Invested on sides and back, sometimes on the venter, with an armor of bony plates; the plates sometimes with few or many denticles. Mouth inferior, bordered with a broad lip; maxillaries thin, terminating in a barbel, and
182 FISHES OF WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA partly united with the labial apparatus, forming an oral sucker; mental and nasal barbels not present; teeth absent, or hooked and lobed at the distal extremity; active teeth in a single series; premaxillaries disjoined, box-like, and filled with numerous relay teeth; dentaries similarly disunited and similar in structure; palate edentulous; fontanels wanting in frontal and occipital.
Dorsal fin abdominal, and not connected with the occipital; adipose usually present, consisting of a spine with a thin membrane; gill-membranes united to the isthmus, openings wholly lateral; intestine very long and greatly recoiled. Subfamily: HYPOSTOMATINAE Tail short; caudal peduncle compressed, cylindrical, or moderately depressiform; haemal spines all simple; lower, and fourth upper, pharyngeals without teeth; belly naked, or at most with minute, granular plates; intestinal canal of extravagant length.
The fishes of this subfamily are rather generally known under the colloquial name carachama. Despite their forbidding exteriors they are surprisingly found to be favorite food fishes on the part of the inhabitants of the lowlands. This I learned is due not to any superiority in flavor, but rather to the ease with which the meat may be scooped out of the armor when boiled and served entire, together with boiled rice or plantains. This convenience is regarded as more than fair compensation for the strong, rancid flavor, for which a toleration must be acquired. These fishes were taken in unbelieveable numbers in the quieter backwater bayoux, in water often shaded by the forest and brown with fallen vegetation. Their vitality is remarkable. Many of them, taken in seines and thrown into the dugout canoes, were found alive and vigorous many hours later. Although the skin would be entirely dry, the gills were at least moist. They invariably found the wettest place on the bottom of the boat and assembled there. While the canoe was under way, the puddles of water would sometimes run from side to side or end to end, and all the carachamas turned and followed it back and forth. With the flat, inferior mouth and wide lips closely applied to the timbers, they could suck up a few drops of water, enough to keep the gills from drying out altogether. The vocal powers of the Hypostomatinae are not inconsiderable. While on the bottom of the boat they emit grunting sounds which enhance the pig-like behavior described above.
Senor Medina said to me, ‘‘Son Inglés. Hablan muy abajo en la garga.” “They are English. They speak very far down in the throat.” Before leaving for South America, Miss Siebenthal, the artist, had said, ‘Dr. Eigenmann has brought us a lot of good fish stories. He found fishes walking, others climbing. You will have to find them talking.’’ And so it came about. Genus 73: CANTHOPOMUS Eigenmann and Allen, gen. nov.
Plecostomus Gronow, 1754, Mus. Ichth., I, 24, (in part); Gronow, 1763, Zoophyl., 127; Bleeker,1863,Neder].Tijdsch.Dierk.,I,77,braszliensis.
ANNOTATED. LIST OF THE SPECIES 183 Rhinelepis Spix, 1829, Sel. Gen. et Spee. Pisce. Bras., 2; Steindachner, 1878, Sitzb. KKK. Akad. Wiss. Wien, LX XVI, 228. PogonopomaRegan,1904,Trans.Zool.Soc.London,XVII,205. CanthopomusEKigenmann,1910,Rept.PrincetonUniv.Exped.Patagonia,IIT,407,nomennudum. Type: Rhinelepis agassizii Steindachner Throughout Amazonia Regan used the subgeneric name Pogonopoma for Plecostomus wertheimeri Steindachner, Plecostomus pellegrini Regan, and Rhinelepis genibarbis Cuvier and Valenciennes, of which he considers Rhinelepis agassizvi a synonym. Plecostomus wertheimert seems from our material generically distinct from Plecostomus pellegrint and Rhinelepis genibarbis, and if we restrict the name Pogonopoma to wertheimeri, the term Canthopomus may be applied to agassizii. REGAN EIGENMANN Plecostomus wertheimeri Steind. Subg. Pogonopoma Pogonopoma Plecostomus pellegrini Regan . Plecostomus Rhinelepis genibarbis C. & V. = * Rhinelepis Rhinelepis agassizii Steind. Synonym Canthopomus No trace of an adipose fin; scutes 24 or 25; occipital bordered by three plates; lower surface with minute granular plates and a series of large plates on the sides between pectorals and ventrals; scutes of sides carinate; opercle hirsute. 164. CANTHOPOMUS AGASSIZII (Steindachner) Plate VII, figs. 1-2 Rhinelepis agassizi Steindachner, 1878, Sitzb. Kk. Akad. Wiss. Wien, LX XVI, 228; Steindachner, 1882, Denksch, KK. Akad. Wiss. Wien, XLVI, 7; EKigenmann and Eigenmann, 1889, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sei., (2), II, 42; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890, Occ. Papers Cal. Acad. Sci., I, 416. AcanthicusgenibarbisEigenmannandHigenmann,1890,Occ.PapersCal.Acad.Sci.,I,441. Plecostomus genibarbis (in part) Regan, 1904, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, XVII, 219. Canthopomusgenibarbis(inpart),Eigenmann,1910,Rept.PrincetonUniv.Exped.Patagonia,IIT, 407.
Lake Manacapurii to Rio Huallaga 15970,1,154mm.toendofplatesatbaseofcaudal,Iquitos,Morris,1922. Genus 74: HYPOSTOMUS (Lacépéde) Plecostomus Gronow, after Artedi, 1754, Mus. Ichth., I, 24; Gronow, 1763, Zoophyl., 127, sp., not binomial; Bleeker, 1863, Nederl. Tijdsch. Dierk., I, 77, brasiliensis; EKigenmannandEigenmann,1890,Occ.PapersCal.Acad.Sci.,I,396; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 403; Regan, 1904, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, XVII, 202; Authors generally.
184 FISHES OF WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA HypostomusLacépeéde,1803,Hist.Nat.Poiss.,V,144,guacari=plecostomus; CuvierandValenciennes,1840,Hist.Nat.Poiss.,XV,489,plecostomus; Jordan, Evermann, and Clark, 1928 (1930), Rept. U.S. Comm. Fish., Part II, 130. Type: Hypostomus guacart Lacépede = Loricaria plecostomus Linnaeus Throughout the Atlantic drainage to the foothills of the Andes of Peru, Magdalena basin, Guayaquil Snout granular; no spines or bristles about the head; adipose fin present; sides and back completely enclosed within plates; first scute of lateral series posterior to clavicle and temporal plate, separating the second entirely from the temporal; snout with granular plates to the margin; venter naked or with small granular scales. 165. HyposToMUS EMARGINATUS Cuvier and Valenciennes HypostomusemarginatusCuvierandValenciennes,1840,Hist.Nat.Poiss.,XV,500,Brazil; Kner, 1854, Denksch. KIX. Akad. Wiss. Wien, VII, 260. PlecostomusemarginatusGiimther,1864,Cat.Fish.Brit.Mus.,V,233; Steindachner, 1882, Denksch. IKIx. Akad. Wiss. Wien, XLIII, 112; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1888, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., (2), I, 167; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890, Occ. Papers Cal. Acad. Sci., I, 400; Regan, 1904, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, XVII, 210; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 406; Fowler, 1939 (1940), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XCI, 233, Contamana. Plecostomus scopularius Cope, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 55 and 286, pl. xvi, figs. 1 and 2, AmbyiacuR.
Plecostomus biseriatus Cope, 1871, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 285, Ambyiacu. Plecostomus virescens Cope, 1874, Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XXVI, 187, Nauta; Cope, 1878, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., XVII, 681, Peruvian Amazon; EFigenmannandEHigenmann,1890,Occ.PapersCal.Acad.Sci.,I,408. Amazons, Para to Peruvian Andes, Guianas, R. Magdalena 15360, 3, 170-245 mm., Iquitos, Amazon, Allen, September, 1920. 15362,1,159mm.,Gosulimacocha,RioMorona,Allen,October,1920. 15363, 5, 23-242 mm., Rio Morona, Allen, October, 1920. 15364, many, largest 231 mm., Yurimaguas, Rio Paranapura, Allen, November, 1920. 15365, 3, 122-193 mm., Contamana, Rio Ucayali, Allen, August, 1920. 15361 and 15366, many, 25-310 mm., Yurimaguas, Allen, November, 1920. 166. Hyposromus pLEcostoMuUs (Linnaeus) AcipenserplecostomusLinnaeus,1758,Syst.Nat.,ed.x,238. LoricariaplecostomusLinnaeus,1766,Syst.Nat.,edxii,508,America. HypostomusplecostomusCuvierandValenciennes,1840,Hist.Nat.Poiss.,XV,489,Guiana; Kner, 1854, Denksch. KK. Akad. Wiss. Wien, VII, 263. PlecostomusplecostomusEigenmannandEigenmann,1888,Proc.Cal.Acad.Sci.,(2),I,168,169, Brazil; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890, Occ. Papers Cal. Acad. Sci., I, 406; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, IIT, 403; Pearson, 1937a, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., (4), X XIII, 96, Pusoc, upper Maranon. PlecostomusbicirrhosusGronow,1754,Cat.Fish.,158; Giinther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 231, Guianas, Para; Steindachner, 1881, Denksch. Kx. Akad. Wiss. Wien, XLIII, 109; Boulenger,1887,Proce.Zool.Soc.London,277.
ANNOTATED LIST OF THE SPECIES 185 HypostomusguacariLacépede,1803,Hist.Nat.Poiss.,145. PlecostomusguacariRegan,1904,Trans.Zool.Soe.London,XVII,205. Both slopes of Panama and southward to Uruguay 167. Hyposromus PHRIXOSOMA (Fowler) Plecostomus phrixosoma Fowler, 1939 (1940), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XCI, 233, figs. 21-23, one,type,150mm.,Contamana.
Known from the type taken at Contamana Near H. commersonvi and punctatus Cuvier and Valenciennes. The common name Carocha de brada was supplied to the collectors. Genus 75: HEMIANCISTRUS Bleeker Hypostomus (in part) Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1840, Hist. Nat. Poiss., XV, 489, sp. Ancistrus Kner, 1853 (1854), Denksch. Kk. Akad. Wiss. Wien, VII, 272; Regan (in part), 1904, Trans. Zool. Soe. London, XVII, 221. Hemiancistrus Bleeker, 1863, Nederl. Tijdsch. Dierk., I, 78; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890, Occ. Papers Cal. Acad. Sei., I, 417; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 408. Chaetostomus (in part) Giinther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 240. Type: Ancistrus medians Kner La Plata and Amazon systems, Guianas to Panama The enclosure of the ventral surface by small plates led to its designation by Kner as medians, intermediate between Ancistrus and Plecostomus (Hypostomus) ; Bleeker held this character as sufficient justification for the present genus. Separated from the preceding by the erectile spines borne on a movable plate; dorsal and adipose fins not approximated; margin of snout granular, sometimes with a naked spot near the tip; body deep, plates keeled, occipital keeled; teeth small; D. I, 7, the last ray connected with the succeeding scute by a small membrane. ‘““All species seem to be rare.”
168. HEMIANCISTRUS UCAYALENSIS Fowler Hemiancistrus ucayalensis Fowler, 1939 (1940), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XCI, 235, figs. 24-25, three,typeandparatypes,117-124mm.,Contamana.
The Ucayali basin, Contamana 169. HeEMIANCISTRUS ARENARIUS Eigenmann and Allen, sp. nov. Plate VI, fig. 2 15356,2,94and106mm.,thelatterthetype,Yurimaguas,Allen,November,1920. 15357,1,123mm.,AltoMaranon,belowPastaza,Allen,October,1920. 15358, 1, 129 mm., Amazon, Iquitos, Allen, September, 1920. Head 2.66-2.9; depth 4.0-4.33; D. I, 7; A. I, 4; scutes 24 + 1; width of head 1.2 in its length; interorbital 2; eye 6, 3.5 in the snout; longest interopercular spine
186 FISHES OF WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA as long as eye; mandibular ramus about as long as the premaxillary, about 4 in the interorbital, with about 23 teeth; snout rounded; no carinae on head or scutes; depth of caudal peduncle 2 in its length; dorsal spine less than the length of the head; caudal very deeply emarginate, the upper lobe narrow, long, and pointed, equal to the length of the head in the smaller, lower lobe but little longer than the snout and eye in the smaller, equal to the head in the larger. In the largest, 15358, the caudal is very obliquely emarginate, the upper lobe 1.5 in the head, the lower very little shorter than the head. Dorsal spotted as in the others, the caudal with cross bands, five of them especially prominent on the lower lobe. Ventrals reaching anal or a little farther; pectorals beyond middle of ventrals; last dorsal ray not connected with the back by a membrane. Sandy colored; faint cross shades or spots on head and sides; fins with alternate series of light and dark spots or crossbands.
Near Ancistrus bachi (Boulenger) ; differing in somewhat narrower head, shorter interopercular spine, rounded snout, greater depth of body and caudal peduncle. Genus 76: PANAQUE Eigenmann and Eigenmann PanaqueKigenmannandKigenmann,1889,Proc.Cal.Acad.Sei.,(2),I,44,negrolineatus; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890, Occ. Papers Cal. Acad. Sci., I, 425; Regan, 1904, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, XVII, 242; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 410. Type: Chaetostomus nigrolineatus Peters Peru, most of Brazil, to the Magdalena Teeth few and spatulate, large; interopercular spines in a large bundle, erectile. 170. PANAQUE DENTEX (Giinther) ChaetostomusdentexGiinther,1868,Proc.Zool.Soc.London,233,Xeberos. Panaque dentex Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1889, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., (2), II, 44; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890, Occ. Papers Cal. Acad. Sci., I, 427; Regan, 1904, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, XVII, 243; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 410. Known from a specimen of 85 mm. length, collected by Bartlett at Xeberos, Peruvian Amazon Genus 77: MONISTIANCISTRUS Fowler Monistiancistrus Fowler, 1939 (1940), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XCI, 236. Type: Monistiancistrus carachama Fowler Range that of the one species known Differing from Ancistrus chiefly in the lack of the adipose fin, reduced teeth, and small jaws.
ANNOTATED LIST OF THE SPECIES 187 171. MONISTIANCISTRUS CARACHAMA Fowler Monistiancistrus carachama Fowler, 1939 (1940), Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XCI, 238, figs. 26 and 27. ; Contamana, Rio Ucayali One specimen, the type, 95 mm. in length, at the Philadelphia Academy, is known.
Genus 78: PTERYGOPLICHTHYS Gill Pterygoplichthys Gill, 1858, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., VI, 408: figenmann and Kigenmann, 1890, Occ. Papers Cal. Acad. Sci., I, 427; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 408; Higenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 227.
Liposarcus Ginther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 238, sp. Ancistrus (in part) Regan, 1904, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, XVII, 221. Type: Hypostomus duodecimalis Cuvier and Valenciennes Rio Cauca, the Guianas to the Sao Francisco and Huallaga The granular snout and ten or more dorsal rays are diagnostic of the genus; the interopercle of form similar to that of Hypostomus, but often bearing more spines. On the whole they appear more robust and more erect than nearby genera. 172. PTERYGOPLICHTHYS GIBBICEPS (Kner) Ancistrus gibbiceps Kner, 1854, Denksch. KKK. Akad. Wiss. Wien, VII, 284, pl. v, fig. 2; Regan, 1904, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, XVII, 227. Liposarcus altipinnis Giinther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 239. Pterygoplichthys gibbiceps Giinther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 252; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1889, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sei., (2), I, 44; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890, Occ. Papers Cal. Acad. Sci., I, 429; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 407. Liposarcus scrophus Cope, 1874, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XX VI, 136; Cope, 1878, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., XVII, 681, Nauta. Chaetostomus gibbiceps Steindachner, 1882, Denksch. KKK. Akad. Wiss. Wien, XLIII, 114, pl. iv, fig.
1.
Hemiancistrus gibbiceps Fowler, 1939 (1940), Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XCI, 235, five, 117-270 mm., Contamana.
The Amazons, Gurupa to the Ucayali 15349,2,293and343mm.,Iquitos,bayou,Allen,September,1920. 15350, 4, 159-280 mm., Yarinacocha, Rio Pacaya, Allen, August, 1920. The Iquitos specimens from muddy water much paler in color than those from the Pacaya. In the bulk, handling this species is like handling chestnuts in the bur.
173. PreRYGOPLICHTHYS PUNCTATUS Giinther Ancistrus duodecimalis Kner (non Cuvier and Valenciennes), 1853 (1854), Denksch. KIk. Akad. Wiss. Wien, VII, 281.
188 FISHES OF WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA Loricaria punctata Natterer, in Kner, 1853 (1854), Denksch. KK. Akad. Wiss. Wien, VII, 281. Pterygoplichthys punctatus Ginther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 251; Eigenmann and Higenmann, 1889, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sei., (2), II, 45; KigenmannandEigenmann,1890,Occ.PapersCal.Acad.Sei.,I,431; Eigenmann,1910,Rept.PrincetonUniv.Exped.Patagonia,ITI,409. Chaetostomus punctatus Stemdachner, 1880 (1882), Denksch. Kk. Akad. Wiss. Wien, XLIII, 113 CudajastoTabatinga.
Ancistrus punctatus Regan, 1904, Trans. Zool. Soe. London, XVII, 229. ?
Upper Amazonia of Brazil and Peru 15355, 6, 55-187 mm., creeks, Yurimaguas, Allen, November, 1920. 174. PTERYGOPLICHTHYS MULTIRADIATUS (Hancock) Hypostomus multiradiatus Hancock, 1828, Zool. Jour., IV, 246, Demarara. Hypostomus pardalis Castelnau, 1855, Anim, Amér. Sud, Poiss., 42, pl. xx, fig. 3, Amazon. Liposarcus multiradiatus Giinther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 238. Liposarcus pardalis Giimther, 1864, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., V, 239. Liposarcus varius Cope, 1871, Proe. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., X XIIT, 284, Rio Ambyiacu. Liposarcus jeanesianus Cope, 1874, Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 135; Cope, 1878, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., XVII, 681, Nauta. Plecostomus(Liposarcus)pardalisPeters,1877,MB.Akad.Berlin,477; Steindachner, 1882 (1883), Denksch. KIX. Akad. Wiss. Wien, XLVI, 6, Rio Huallaga. Pterygoplichthys multiradiatus Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890, Occ. Papers Cal. Acad. Sci., I, 433, Demarara; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 408; Kigenmann, 1912, Mem. Carnegie Mus., V, 228.
Pterygoplichthys pardalis EKigenmann and Eigenmann, 1889, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sei., (2), I, 45; Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890, Occ. Papers Cal. Acad. Sci., I, 431. PterygoplichthysjeanesianusKigenmannandEigenmann,1889,Proc.Cal.Acad.Sci.,(2),HH,45; HigenmannandHigenmann,1890,Occ.PapersCal.Acad.Sei.,I,433. Ancistrus multiradiatus Regan, 1904, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, XVII, 228. Demarara to the Paraguay and upper Amazons 15351, 7, 100-157 mm., creek, Rio Morona, Allen, October, 1920. 15352, 1, 187 mm., Contamana, Rio Ucayali, Allen, August, 1920. 15353, 13, 115-320 mm., Cashiboya, Rio Ucayah, Allen, August, 1920. 15354, 1, about 340 mm., Lago Sanango, Allen, November, 1920. 17831, 1, 94 mm. without caudal, Iquitos, Morris, 1922. The Cashiboya specimens have three distinct areas on supraoccipital and interorbital where radiating lines run into vermiculations. In this respect Pearson, 1924, finds that his two specimens from Lago Rogoagua, Bolivia, differ from them, and that the dorsal vermiculations do not radiate from a center. The ventral surfaces of his specimens are vermiculated, sometimes breaking up into spots. Genus 79: PARANCISTRUS Bleeker Hypostomus(inpart)Castelnau,1855,Anim.Amér.Sud,Poiss.,43. ParancistrusBleeker,1863,Nederl.Tijdsch.Dierk.,I,79; Jigenmann and Kigenmann, 1890, Occ. Papers Cal. Acad. Sei, I, 422; Eigenmann, 1910, Rept. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, III, 409; Ancistrus (in part) Regan, 1904, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, XVII, 221.